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Determinism of Temporal Variability in Size at Maturation of Sardine Sardina pilchardus in the Bay of Biscay
Frontiers in Marine Science ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-25 , DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2020.567841
Matthieu Véron , Erwan Duhamel , Michel Bertignac , Lionel Pawlowski , Martin Huret , Loïc Baulier

Age and size at maturation appear as key parameters governing the dynamics of a population as they affect growth rate, fecundity, and survival. The expression of such life history traits is determined by genetic make-up and modulated by environmental factors mainly through phenotypic plasticity. Moreover, fishing, besides decreasing population size and changing demographic composition can alter allelic frequencies through fisheries-induced evolution by selecting for some particular traits. In the Bay of Biscay, a decreasing trend in both sardine body condition and size-at-age has recently been pointed out at the population level. The Probabilistic Maturation Reaction Norm (PMRN) approach was applied to help disentangle phenotypic plasticity and genetic changes. Based on the analysis of sardine spawning seasonality, PMRN was estimated by considering body condition as additional life-history state variable to predict the onset of maturation. The resulting PMRN was then used to investigate temporal trends in reaction norm midpoints to test whether changes in length at maturation can be explained by plastic and/or evolutionary adaptive change. Overall, our results emphasize for the first time that including sardine body condition as explanatory variable improves predictions of maturation probability. We found that better individual condition increases maturation probability. The assessment of temporal changes in length at maturation confirms the low plasticity in this trait for a species maturing mostly at age-1 and advocates for the use of a monthly time scale when investigating PMRNs for this species. Beside environmental variables included in this analysis (water temperature, chlorophyll-a, and population biomass) that only show a weak correlation with PMRN midpoints, our results reveal no evidence for recent fisheries-induced evolution in the sardine stock of the Bay of Biscay. They suggest that the short-term variability in length at maturation is strongly dependent upon individual growth which is likely driven by environmental factors. For sardine fisheries management, our study highlights the need to consider both the length-composition data and the seasonality within a stock assessment model. Finally, we discuss the fact that considering individual growth trajectories should improve our understanding of the relationship between environmental variability and changes in maturation for sardine.

中文翻译:

比斯开湾沙丁鱼 Sardina pilchardus 成熟时大小随时间变化的确定性

成熟时的年龄和大小似乎是控制种群动态的关键参数,因为它们影响增长率、繁殖力和存活率。这种生活史特征的表达是由基因组成决定的,主要通过表型可塑性受环境因素的调节。此外,捕鱼,除了减少种群规模和改变人口构成外,还可以通过选择某些特定性状,通过渔业诱导的进化来改变等位基因频率。在比斯开湾,最近在种群水平上指出沙丁鱼身体状况和年龄大小均呈下降趋势。应用概率成熟反应范数 (PMRN) 方法来帮助解开表型可塑性和遗传变化。根据沙丁鱼产卵季节性分析,PMRN 是通过将身体状况作为额外的生活史状态变量来预测成熟开始的。然后将所得 PMRN 用于研究反应规范中点的时间趋势,以测试成熟时长度的变化是否可以通过塑性和/或进化适应性变化来解释。总体而言,我们的结果首次强调,将沙丁鱼身体状况作为解释变量可以提高对成熟概率的预测。我们发现更好的个人条件会增加成熟的概率。对成熟时长度随时间变化的评估证实,对于主要在 1 岁时成熟的物种而言,该性状的可塑性较低,并提倡在调查该物种的 PMRN 时使用月度时间尺度。除了本分析中包含的环境变量(水温、叶绿素-a 和种群生物量)与 PMRN 中点仅显示微弱相关性之外,我们的结果显示没有证据表明比斯开湾的沙丁鱼种群最近由渔业引起的进化。他们认为,成熟时长度的短期变化在很大程度上取决于个体生长,而这可能是由环境因素驱动的。对于沙丁鱼渔业管理,我们的研究强调需要在种群评估模型中同时考虑长度组成数据和季节性。最后,我们讨论了考虑个体生长轨迹应该提高我们对环境变异性与沙丁鱼成熟变化之间关系的理解这一事实。和种群生物量)仅显示与 PMRN 中点的弱相关性,我们的结果显示没有证据表明比斯开湾的沙丁鱼种群最近由渔业引起的进化。他们认为,成熟时长度的短期变化在很大程度上取决于个体生长,这可能是由环境因素驱动的。对于沙丁鱼渔业管理,我们的研究强调需要在种群评估模型中同时考虑长度组成数据和季节性。最后,我们讨论了考虑个体生长轨迹应该提高我们对环境变异性与沙丁鱼成熟变化之间关系的理解这一事实。和种群生物量)仅显示与 PMRN 中点的微弱相关性,我们的结果显示没有证据表明比斯开湾的沙丁鱼种群最近由渔业引起的进化。他们认为,成熟时长度的短期变化在很大程度上取决于个体生长,这可能是由环境因素驱动的。对于沙丁鱼渔业管理,我们的研究强调需要在种群评估模型中同时考虑长度组成数据和季节性。最后,我们讨论了考虑个体生长轨迹应该提高我们对环境变异性与沙丁鱼成熟变化之间关系的理解这一事实。我们的结果没有显示比斯开湾沙丁鱼种群最近由渔业引起的进化的证据。他们认为,成熟时长度的短期变化在很大程度上取决于个体生长,这可能是由环境因素驱动的。对于沙丁鱼渔业管理,我们的研究强调需要在种群评估模型中同时考虑长度组成数据和季节性。最后,我们讨论了考虑个体生长轨迹应该提高我们对环境变异性与沙丁鱼成熟变化之间关系的理解这一事实。我们的结果没有显示比斯开湾沙丁鱼种群最近由渔业引起的进化的证据。他们认为,成熟时长度的短期变化在很大程度上取决于个体生长,这可能是由环境因素驱动的。对于沙丁鱼渔业管理,我们的研究强调需要在种群评估模型中同时考虑长度组成数据和季节性。最后,我们讨论了考虑个体生长轨迹应该提高我们对环境变异性与沙丁鱼成熟变化之间关系的理解这一事实。对于沙丁鱼渔业管理,我们的研究强调需要在种群评估模型中同时考虑长度组成数据和季节性。最后,我们讨论了考虑个体生长轨迹应该提高我们对环境变异性与沙丁鱼成熟变化之间关系的理解这一事实。对于沙丁鱼渔业管理,我们的研究强调需要在种群评估模型中同时考虑长度组成数据和季节性。最后,我们讨论了考虑个体生长轨迹应该提高我们对环境变异性与沙丁鱼成熟变化之间关系的理解这一事实。
更新日期:2020-11-25
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