ABSTRACT

Horseshoe crabs have survived for a long period due to their myriad defence mechanism. Thorough studies were conducted on their adaptive defence mechanisms but few highlighted their primary innate defence. This study aimed to determine the antifouling properties of the methanolic crude extracts and fractions obtained from the book gills and carapace of the Tachypleus gigas and to characterize their bioactive metabolites, using the detachment and preventive measurements. The active fractions recovered from the recycling HPLC were further analysed using GC-MS and major active constituents were identified. The results obtained indicated that the extract and fractions of T. gigas had significant detachment mode of actions for antifouling activities. Chemical interactions such as synergistic effects were observed in both the book gills and the carapace. Chemical profiles indicated the presence of organic acids such as amino acid, simple sugars and fatty acids. The observed activities might be caused by nutrient-induced biofilm dispersion mechanisms. These findings may provide new insight into the defence mechanism of the horseshoe crabs against biofilm formation. The isolated active fractions and the identified molecules from the horseshoe crab T. gigas may be applied as a dispersal antifouling agents. Further studies are needed to confirm these prospective potential applications.

摘要

由于其无数的防御机制，蟹已经存活了很长时间。对其适应性防御机制进行了详尽的研究，但很少强调其主要的先天防御。这项研究的目的是通过分离和预防性测定来确定从速柏（Tachypleus gigas）的the和甲壳获得的甲醇粗提物和馏分的防污性能，并表征其生物活性代谢物。使用GC-MS对从回收HPLC中回收的活性成分进行进一步分析，并鉴定出主要的活性成分。获得的结果表明，T。gigas的提取物和级分具有显着的防污作用分离模式。在书g和甲壳中均观察到化学相互作用，例如协同作用。化学特征表明存在有机酸，例如氨基酸，单糖和脂肪酸。观察到的活动可能是由营养物诱导的生物膜分散机制引起的。这些发现可能为into对生物膜形成的防御机制提供新的见解。分离自马蹄蟹T. gigas的活性级分和鉴定出的分子可以用作分散防污剂。需要进一步的研究来确认这些潜在的潜在应用。