In this paper, a low‐profile mode reconfigurable orbital angular momentum (OAM) circular polarization (CP) array antenna is presented, which consists of 2 × 2 elements and a single feed network. Each element is a metasurface subarray composed of 4 × 4 square patchs. The vias in the subarray produces 90° phase difference between x‐ and y‐ polarizations, and CP is realized. Both the 90° phase‐shifting reconfigurable feed network and broadband 180° phase shift by the mirror images are used to generate the OAM helical phase. The OAM modes l can be dynamically switched between l = +1 and l = −1 by controlling operation states of p‐i‐n diodes in the feed network. The CP and OAM impedance bandwidths are 13.3% (from 5.8 to 6.6 GHz). The peak gains for the two modes are 9.4 dBi. The developed array antenna has the following advantages of the least pin diode number, high gain, small size, lowest divergence angle, wideband CP, low cross‐polarization and low fabrication cost. Therefore, the proposed antenna is very promising for modern high‐speed and large capacity wireless communication systems.

中文翻译：

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具有简单馈电方案的单馈宽带模式可重构OAM超表面CP天线阵列

本文提出了一种低轮廓模式可重构轨道角动量（OAM）圆极化（CP）阵列天线，它由2 × 2个元素和一个馈电网络组成。每个元素都是由4 × 4正方形斑块组成的超表面子阵列。子阵列中的过孔在x极化和y极化之间产生90°的相位差，并实现了CP。90°相移可重构馈电网络和镜像镜像的宽带180°相移均用于生成OAM螺旋相。OAM模式l可以在l = +1和l = −之间动态切换通过控制馈电网络中p-i-n二极管的工作状态来实现图1所示的功能。CP和OAM阻抗带宽为13.3％（从5.8到6.6 GHz）。两种模式的峰值增益为9.4 dBi。开发的阵列天线具有以下优点：引脚二极管数量最少，增益高，尺寸小，发散角最小，宽带CP，交叉极化低，制造成本低。因此，所提出的天线对于现代高速和大容量无线通信系统是非常有前途的。