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Biotic and abiotic drivers of plant–pollinator community assembly across wildfire gradients
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-24 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13530 Joseph A. LaManna 1, 2 , Laura A. Burkle 3 , R. Travis Belote 4 , Jonathan A. Myers 5
中文翻译：
野火梯度下植物-授粉媒介群落组装的生物和非生物驱动因素
更新日期：2020-11-24
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-24 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13530 Joseph A. LaManna 1, 2 , Laura A. Burkle 3 , R. Travis Belote 4 , Jonathan A. Myers 5
Affiliation
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- Understanding how abiotic disturbance and biotic interactions determine pollinator and flowering‐plant diversity is critically important given global climate change and widespread pollinator declines. To predict responses of pollinators and flowering‐plant communities to changes in wildfire disturbance, a mechanistic understanding of how these two trophic levels respond to wildfire severity is needed.
- We compared site‐to‐site variation in community composition (β‐diversity), species richness and abundances of pollinators and flowering plants among landscapes with no recent wildfire (unburned), mixed‐severity wildfire and high‐severity wildfire in three sites across the Northern Rockies Ecoregion, USA. We used variation partitioning to assess the relative contributions of wildfire, other abiotic variables (climate, soils and topography) and biotic associations among plant and pollinator composition to community assembly of both trophic levels.
- Wildfire disturbance generally increased species richness and total abundance, but decreased β‐diversity, of both pollinators and flowering plants. However, reductions in β‐diversity from wildfire appeared to result from increased abundances following fires, resulting in higher local species richness of pollinators and flowers in burned than unburned landscapes. After accounting for differences in abundance, standardized effect sizes of β‐diversity were higher in burned than unburned landscapes, suggesting that wildfire enhances non‐random assortment of pollinator and flowering‐plant species among local communities.
- Wildfire disturbance mediated the relative importance of mutualistic associations to β‐diversity of pollinators and flowering plants. The influence of pollinator β‐diversity on flowering‐plant β‐diversity increased with wildfire severity, whereas the influence of flowering‐plant β‐diversity on pollinator β‐diversity was greater in mixed‐severity than high‐severity wildfire or unburned landscapes. Moreover, biotic associations among pollinator and plant species explained substantial variation in β‐diversity of both trophic levels beyond what could be explained by wildfire and all other abiotic and spatial factors combined.
- Synthesis. Wildfire disturbance and plant–pollinator interactions both strongly influenced the assembly of pollinator and flowering‐plant communities at local and regional scales. However, biotic interactions were generally more important drivers of community assembly in disturbed than undisturbed landscapes. As wildfire regimes continue to change globally, predicting its effects on biodiversity will require a deeper understanding of the ecological processes that mediate biotic interactions among linked trophic levels.
中文翻译：
野火梯度下植物-授粉媒介群落组装的生物和非生物驱动因素
- 考虑到全球气候变化和授粉媒介普遍减少，了解非生物干扰和生物相互作用如何决定授粉媒介和开花植物的多样性至关重要。要预测授粉媒介和开花植物群落对野火干扰变化的响应，需要对这两个营养级如何响应野火严重性的机理进行了解。
- 我们比较了整个地区三个地点最近没有野火（未燃烧），混合严重度野火和高严重度野火的景观在群落组成（β多样性），物种丰富度以及传粉媒介和开花植物的丰度之间的站点间差异。美国北落基山脉生态区。我们使用变异分区来评估野火，其他非生物变量（气候，土壤和地形）以及植物和授粉媒介组成之间的生物联系对这两个营养级群落的相对贡献。
- 野火干扰通常会增加传粉媒介和开花植物的物种丰富度和总丰度，但降低β多样性。但是，山火引起的β多样性降低似乎是由于火灾后的丰度增加所致，因此，与未燃烧景观相比，燃烧后的授粉媒介和花朵的本地物种丰富度更高。考虑到丰度差异后，被烧景观中β多样性的标准化效应量要大于未烧景观，这表明野火增强了当地社区授粉媒介和开花植物物种的非随机分类。
- 野火干扰介导了相互关系对传粉媒介和开花植物β-多样性的相对重要性。传粉媒介β多样性对花粉植物β多样性的影响随野火严重程度的增加而增加，而在混合严重程度下，花粉植物β多样性对传粉媒介β多样性的影响大于高强度野火或未燃烧景观。此外，授粉媒介和植物物种之间的生物联系解释了两种营养水平的β多样性有很大的变化，这超出了野火和所有其他非生物和空间因素的综合解释。
- 综合。野火干扰和植物与授粉媒介的相互作用都强烈影响了当地和区域范围内的授粉媒介和开花植物群落的组装。然而，与不受干扰的景观相比，受干扰的生物相互作用通常是更重要的社区聚集驱动力。随着全球范围内野火制度的不断变化，预测其对生物多样性的影响将需要对介导相关营养级之间生物相互作用的生态过程有更深入的了解。
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