Glyphosate Accelerates the Proliferation of Microcystis aeruginosa, a Dominant Species in Cyanobacterial Blooms,Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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Glyphosate Accelerates the Proliferation of Microcystis aeruginosa, a Dominant Species in Cyanobacterial Blooms
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-25 , DOI: 10.1002/etc.4942
Wenjing Wang ₁ , Ming Jiang ₁ , Yanqing Sheng ₁

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Glyphosate is a commonly used herbicide known for its high performance in killing certain plants and grasses; however, its use is regulated due to its harmful effects on the aquatic environment. The present study investigated and compared the toxic mechanisms of glyphosate on Microcystis aeruginosa (a toxin‐producing cyanobacterium) under 2 conditions: 0‰ saline media (experiment I) and 2.5‰ saline media (experiment II). The results indicated that an appropriate concentration of glyphosate provided a phosphate source for M. aeruginosa, resulting in an increased specific growth rate in both experimental groups compared with the controls. Glyphosate‐enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity increased by up to 1.37‐fold in experiment I and 1.68‐fold in experiment II. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) decreased at glyphosate concentrations below 1.2 mg L^–1 but increased at concentrations greater than 1.2 mg L^–1 in experiment I, whereas SOD and CAT activities decreased in experiment II and declined by 64 and 49% in the 30 mg L⁻¹ treatments. Furthermore, the transcript abundances of the pyruvate carboxylase (pcB), microcystin synthetase B (mcyB), and paired‐like homeobox (phoX) genes were up‐regulated by up to 6.92‐, 3.63‐, and 2.27‐fold in experiment I and 6.74‐, 6.55‐, and 4.86‐fold in experiment II after 96 h of incubation. The addition of glyphosate stimulated the production of dissolved organic matter including tryptophan‐like substances, fulvic acid‐like substances, (marine) humic acid‐like substances, and microcystin–leucine‐arginine in the culture. In conclusion, glyphosate stimulates the proliferation of M. aeruginosa and enhances the release of dissolved organic matter in saltwater ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:342–351. © 2020 SETAC

中文翻译：

草甘膦加速蓝藻水华中的优势物种铜绿微囊藻的增殖

草甘膦是一种常用的除草剂，以其高效杀死某些植物和草而闻名；然而，由于其对水生环境产生有害影响，其使用受到管制。本研究调查并比较了草甘膦在0%盐水培养基（实验I）和2.5%盐水培养基（实验II）2种条件下对铜绿微囊藻（一种产毒蓝藻）的毒性机制。结果表明，适当浓度的草甘膦为铜绿假单胞菌提供了磷酸盐来源，导致两个实验组的比生长率均较对照组有所提高。草甘膦增强的碱性磷酸酶 (ALP) 活性在实验 I 中增加了 1.37 倍，在实验 II 中增加了 1.68 倍。此外，在实验I中，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性在草甘膦浓度低于1.2 mg L ^–1时降低，但在浓度大于1.2 mg L ^–1时升高，而实验II和实验中SOD和CAT活性降低。 30 mg L ^-1处理中分别下降了 64% 和 49%。此外，丙酮酸羧化酶（ pcB ）、微囊藻毒素合成酶B（ mcyB ）和配对样同源盒（ phoX ）基因的转录本丰度在实验I和孵育 96 小时后，实验 II 中的值分别为 6.74、6.55 和 4.86 倍。草甘膦的添加刺激了培养物中溶解性有机物的产生，包括类色氨酸物质、类黄腐酸物质、（海洋）腐殖酸类物质和微囊藻毒素-亮氨酸-精氨酸。总之，草甘膦刺激铜绿假单胞菌的增殖并增强咸水生态系统中溶解有机物的释放。环境毒理学化学2021；40：342–351。© 2020 SETAC 版权所有

更新日期：2021-01-25

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