Panax ginseng, a functional food, has been widely used as an edible nourishment and medicinal supplement. Ginsenoside Rb1 is a major bioactive ingredient of ginseng, which shows very specific anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidant activities. Methylglyoxal (MGO) is one of intermediate products of glucose metabolism, which is absorbed easily from high sugar foods or carbonated beverages. It may involve in a variety of detrimental processes in vivo. However, it has not been fully explored the effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on MGO-induced oocytes damage. This study found that MGO-induced DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction result in the failure of porcine oocytes maturation and low in vitro development capacity of parthenogenetic activation (PA) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) embryos. Conversely, Rb1 supplementation recovered the rate of maturation, and improved in vitro development capacity of PA and IVF embryos. Rb1 also provided porcine oocytes a lower level of reactive oxygen species production, higher level of ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential, and stimulated pluripotency gene expression in blastocysts. The findings of this study reveal ginsenoside Rb1 protects porcine oocyte from the cytotoxicity effects of methylglyoxal and provides novel perspectives for the protection of reproduction system by functional food of ginseng.

中文翻译：

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人参皂苷 Rb1 保护猪卵母细胞免受甲基乙二醛损伤，从而提高孤雌生殖激活和体外受精胚胎的质量

人参是一种功能性食品，已被广泛用作食用营养品和药用补品。人参皂苷 Rb1 是人参的主要生物活性成分，具有非常特殊的抗细胞凋亡和抗氧化活性。甲基乙二醛（MGO）是葡萄糖代谢的中间产物之一，易从高糖食物或碳酸饮料中吸收。它可能涉及体内多种有害过程。然而，尚未充分探讨人参皂苷 Rb1 对 MGO 诱导的卵母细胞损伤的影响。本研究发现，MGO 诱导的 DNA 损伤和线粒体功能障碍导致猪卵母细胞成熟失败以及孤雌生殖激活 (PA) 和体外受精 (IVF) 胚胎的体外发育能力低下。相反，Rb1 补充恢复了成熟率，并提高了 PA 和 IVF 胚胎的体外发育能力。Rb1 还为猪卵母细胞提供了较低水平的活性氧产生、较高水平的 ATP 含量和线粒体膜电位，并刺激了胚泡中的多能性基因表达。本研究结果表明，人参皂苷Rb1保护猪卵母细胞免受甲基乙二醛的细胞毒性作用，为人参功能性食品保护生殖系统提供了新的视角。