Abstract The impact on the Profile of Mood States (POMS) of both walking in forest environments and viewing forest landscapes has already been demonstrated in previous research conducted by the authors of this paper. In both walking and viewing, decreases in tension-anxiety (T-A), depression-dejection (D), anger-hostility (A-H), fatigue (F), and confusion (C) were observed and an increase in vigor (V) was observed in forest environments when compared to urban environments. Walking and viewing exhibited similar tendencies, however the responses were quantitatively different. This study re-analyzes the POMS scores of 57 young Japanese women with specific reference to the differences between walking in and viewing forest environments. First, a comparison was made of POMS scores after walking and after viewing. F and C scores were found to be smaller after walking than after viewing, while the V score was larger after walking than after viewing. No significant differences were found in T-A, D, and A-H scores after either walking or viewing. The POMS scores in urban environment also exhibited the identical results. These results suggest that the act of walking has the psychological effect of increasing vigor and reducing some negative emotions, such as fatigue and confusion, regardless of environment. Second, to separate the walking effect from the environmental effect, the difference in forest and urban environment POMS scores was determined for each subject, and comparisons were then made between walking and viewing. The results reveal a significantly larger V score when walking than when viewing. Walking and viewing did not exhibit significant differences in other POMS scores. These results suggest that vigor is more enhanced by walking in forest environments than when viewing forest landscapes. This study, therefore, revealed the specific effects of walking in forest environments.

中文翻译：

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比较森林步行和森林观赏对心理状态的影响

摘要 在本文作者之前进行的研究中，已经证明了在森林环境中行走和观看森林景观对情绪状态 (POMS) 的影响。在步行和观看中，观察到紧张焦虑 (TA)、抑郁沮丧 (D)、愤怒敌意 (AH)、疲劳 (F) 和困惑 (C) 减少，活力 (V) 增加与城市环境相比，在森林环境中观察到。步行和观看表现出相似的趋势，但反应在数量上有所不同。本研究重新分析了 57 名日本年轻女性的 POMS 分数，具体参考了在森林环境中行走和观看环境之间的差异。首先，对步行后和观看后的POMS得分进行了比较。发现步行后的 F 和 C 分数小于观看后的分数，而步行后的 V 分数大于观看后的分数。步行或观看后，TA、D 和 AH 得分均未发现显着差异。城市环境中的 POMS 得分也表现出相同的结果。这些结果表明，无论环境如何，步行行为都具有增加活力和减少一些负面情绪（如疲劳和困惑）的心理作用。其次，为了将步行效应与环境效应分开，确定每个受试者的森林和城市环境 POMS 分数的差异，然后在步行和观看之间进行比较。结果显示，步行时的 V 得分明显高于观看时的 V 得分。步行和观看在其他 POMS 分数上没有表现出显着差异。这些结果表明，在森林环境中行走比在观看森林景观时更能增强活力。因此，这项研究揭示了在森林环境中步行的具体影响。