Carbon irradiation effects on spin coated TiO nanoparticles (NPs), deposited on glass substrates, are studied for versatile applications. 5 MeV carbon ions with fluences, 1 × 10, 5 × 10, and 5 × 10 ions/cm, are used to modify NPs. The ionization energy loss and defect production in the material as a result of impinging ions is estimated using Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter (SRIM). The modification in the base parameters is studied through various structural, optical, and electrical techniques. X-ray diffraction results before and after the irradiation depict the disturbance in crystal structure at lower ion fluence, which recovers at higher fluences giving an indication of dynamic annealing during irradiation process. Carbon irradiation also produces red shift, associated with the increasing grain size, as a function of ion fluence, which is observed through Raman spectroscopy. In addition, UV-visible spectroscopy shows the reduction in bandgap and four-point probe shows decrease in resistivity by increasing the carbon fluence. It is observed that the decreased resistivity and increased transmittance are linked with fluence rate, where the decrease in resistance is associated with hopping mechanism via defect compensation.

中文翻译：

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碳离子辐照诱导 TiO2 纳米粒子的结构、光学和电学效应


研究了碳辐照对沉积在玻璃基板上的旋涂二氧化钛纳米颗粒 (NP) 的影响，以实现多种应用。能量密度为 1 × 10、5 × 10 和 5 × 10 离子/cm 的 5 MeV 碳离子用于修饰 NP。使用物质中离子的停止和范围 (SRIM) 来估计由于离子撞击而导致的材料中的电离能量损失和缺陷产生。通过各种结构、光学和电学技术研究了基本参数的修改。辐照前后的 X 射线衍射结果描绘了在较低离子注量下晶体结构的扰动，在较高注量下恢复，表明辐照过程中存在动态退火。碳辐照还会产生红移，与晶粒尺寸的增加有关，这是通过拉曼光谱观察到的离子注量的函数。此外，紫外-可见光谱显示带隙减小，四点探针显示通过增加碳注量而降低电阻率。据观察，电阻率的降低和透射率的增加与注量率相关，其中电阻的降低与通过缺陷补偿的跳跃机制相关。