Space radiation inhibits angiogenesis by two mechanisms depending on the linear energy transfer (LET). Using human 3D micro-vessel models, blockage of the early motile stage of angiogenesis was determined to occur after exposure to low LET ions (<3 KeV/AMU), whereas inhibition of the later stages occurs after exposure to high LET ions (>8 KeV/AMU). Strikingly, the combined effect is synergistic, detectible as low as 0.06 Gy making mixed ion space radiation more potent. Candidates for bystander transmission are microRNAs (miRNAs), and analysis on miRNA-seq data from irradiated mice shows that angiogenesis would in theory be downregulated. Further analysis of three previously identified miRNAs showed downregulation of their targets associated with angiogenesis and confirmed their involvement in angiogenesis pathways and increased health risks associated with cardiovascular disease. Finally, synthetic molecules (antagomirs) designed to inhibit the predicted miRNAs were successfully used to reverse the inhibition of angiogenesis.

空间辐射通过线性能量转移（LET）两种机制抑制血管生成。使用人类3D微血管模型，确定在低LET离子（<3 KeV / AMU）暴露后发生了血管新生早期的阻塞，而在暴露于高LET离子（> 8之后）抑制了后期发生KeV / AMU）。令人惊讶的是，组合的效果是协同的，可检测到低至0.06 Gy，使混合离子空间辐射更有效。旁观者传播的候选者是microRNA（miRNA），对来自辐照小鼠的miRNA-seq数据的分析表明，理论上血管生成将被下调。对三个先前鉴定的miRNA的进一步分析显示，其与血管生成相关的靶标下调，并证实它们参与了血管生成途径，并增加了与心血管疾病相关的健康风险。最后，设计用于抑制预测的miRNA的合成分子（antagomirs）已成功用于逆转血管生成的抑制作用。