Azomite is a hydrated calcium sodium aluminosilicat rich in rare earth elements. To investigate the dietary effects of Azomite on growth, intestine microbiota and morphology, immunohematological changes and disease resistance, seven diets with Azomite supplementation of 0 (the control), 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 g/kg (A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6), were prepared and fed to largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides (7.96 ± 0.19) for 60 days. The results revealed that the weight gain (WG) increased first and then decreased with the increasing dietary Azomite, and the A2 group presented the highest WG and lowest feed conversion ratio among all the groups. The supplementation of 2.0 g/kg Azomite significantly increased the intestine protease activity, the crude protein of whole body and protein retention (P < 0.05), and high inclusion of Azomite (6.0 g/kg) significantly reduced the lipid retention (P < 0.05). The amounts of red blood cells in A5, A6 groups, white blood cells in A3, A5, A6 groups and lymphocyte in A2-A6 groups were all significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, serum superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in A5, A6 groups, and serum alkaline phosphatase and lysozyme activities in A2-A4 groups showed significantly higher values than the control group (P < 0.05). Intestinal microbiota analysis indicated that the Tenericutes abundance was increased, whereas Proteobacteria abundance was decreased in all Azomite supplemented groups. The villus height in A2-A4 groups, and the villus width in A2 group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The cumulative mortality was reduced by the addition of 2.0–5.0 g/kg Azomite after challenging with A. hydrophila (P < 0.05). In conclusion, proper addition of Azomite in diets improved the growth, intestine morphology, immune response and disease resistance in largemouth bass, and the optimal inclusion was estimated to be 2.0–3.0 g/kg diet.

Azomite是富含稀土元素的水合钙钠铝硅酸盐。为了研究天青石对生长，肠道菌群和形态，免疫血液学变化和抗病性的饮食影响，我们添加了七种添加天青石的饮食（对照）分别为0、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0、5.0和6.0 g / kg（A0，准备好A1，A2，A3，A4，A5，A6，并喂入大口黑鲈，沙门氏菌（7.96±0.19）60天。结果表明，体重增加（WG）随日粮中重金属含量的增加先增加，然后减少，而A2组在所有组中均表现出最高的WG和最低的饲料转化率。补充2.0 g / kg的Azomite可显着提高肠道蛋白酶活性，全身粗蛋白和蛋白质保留（P <0.05）和高含量的重金属（6.0 g / kg）显着降低了脂质保留（P <0.05）。A5，A6组的红细胞数量，A3，A5，A6组的白细胞数量和A2-A6组的淋巴细胞数量均明显高于对照组（P <0.05）。此外，A5，A6组的血清超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性，A2-A4组的血清碱性磷酸酶和溶菌酶活性均显着高于对照组（P <0.05）。肠道菌群分析表明，Tenericutes的丰度增加了，而Proteobacteria在所有补充Azomite的组中，丰度均降低。A2-A4组绒毛高度，A2组绒毛宽度明显高于对照组（P <0.05）。的累积死亡率用挑战后减少通过加入2.0-5.0克/千克Azomite的嗜水（P <0.05）。总之，在日粮中适当添加Azomite可以改善大嘴鲈的生长，肠道形态，免疫应答和抗病性，估计最佳添加量为2.0–3.0 g / kg日粮。