Ultrasonographic imaging of ovarian morphology is used widely to inform reproductive health status in women. Metabolic disturbances induced by a negative energy balance (e.g. undernutrition) or positive energy balance (e.g. overnutrition, obesity) are known to drive or exacerbate reproductive dysfunction. Whether the utility of ultrasonographic metrics of ovarian morphology could be extended as biomarkers that detect and monitor the integration of metabolic and reproductive dysfunction is an emerging research area, and recent evidence is discussed. We note that unique variations in ovarian morphology emerge across the adiposity spectrum and highlight the potential for reproductive and metabolic ‘tipping points’ upon which such morphological variations may be detected on ultrasonography.

卵巢形态的超声成像被广泛用于告知女性的生殖健康状况。已知由负能量平衡（例如营养不足）或正能量平衡（例如营养过剩、肥胖）引起的代谢紊乱会导致或加剧生殖功能障碍。卵巢形态超声指标的效用是否可以扩展为检测和监测代谢和生殖功能障碍整合的生物标志物是一个新兴的研究领域，并讨论了最近的证据。我们注意到卵巢形态的独特变化出现在肥胖谱中，并突出了生殖和代谢“临界点”的潜力，在超声检查中可以检测到这种形态变化。