Due to the unique nature of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), LSPR has attracted extensive attention in the field of biochemical sensing. However, compared with other sensors, the LSPR biosensor has lower sensitivity which has the limitation of insufficient repeatability and greatly limits its application and further promotion. Many researchers have invested a lot of energy in various ways to investigate different methods to improve sensitivity. This review summarizes these methods from the three aspects of structure, material, and interface modification, LSPR signal observation. Meanwhile, it can be predicted that strategies to improve the performance of LSPR biosensing.

由于局部表面等离子体共振（LSPR）的独特性质，LSPR在生化传感领域引起了广泛的关注。然而，与其他传感器相比，LSPR生物传感器灵敏度较低，具有重复性不足的局限性，极大地限制了其应用和进一步推广。许多研究人员以各种方式投入了大量精力来研究不同的方法来提高灵敏度。本文从结构，材料和界面修改，LSPR信号观察三个方面总结了这些方法。同时，可以预见到提高LSPR生物传感性能的策略。