We experimentally investigated the toxicity of stannic oxide nanoparticles (SnO₂ NPs) to three freshwater species including Scenedesmus obliquus, Daphnia magna, and Danio rerio. To evaluate effect, toxicological impacts were compared to that of stannic chloride (SnCl₄). Based on the actual concentration of Sn, SnO₂ NPs suspensions inhibited growth of S. obliquus in a dose-dependent manner, demonstrating a median effect concentration of 2.28 ± 0.53 mg/L. However, SnO₂ NP suspensions were found to exhibit limited acute toxicity in D. magna and D. rerio. Moreover, the toxicity of the SnO₂ NP suspension was lower than SnCl₄ for all three trophic aquatic organisms. Comparison of component-specific contribution to overall toxicity indicated that, in SnO₂ NP suspensions, particulate Sn more significantly contributed to toxicity than dissolved Sn-ions. Furthermore, we found that the toxic mechanism of the SnO₂ NP suspension involved the induction of oxidative stress by increasing intracellular ROS accumulation.

我们通过实验研究了氧化锡纳米颗粒（SnO ₂ NPs）对三种淡水物种的毒性，其中包括斜生Scenedesmus，Daphnia magna和Danio rerio。为了评估效果，将毒理学影响与氯化锡（SnCl ₄）进行了比较。根据Sn的实际浓度，SnO ₂ NPs悬浮液以剂量依赖的方式抑制了斜纹链球菌的生长，表明中值作用浓度为2.28±0.53 mg / L。然而，发现SnO ₂ NP悬浮液在大果D. magna和里氏D. rerio中显示出有限的急性毒性。。而且，对于所有三种营养水生生物，SnO ₂ NP悬浮液的毒性均低于SnCl ₄。比较特定组分对总体毒性的作用表明，在SnO ₂ NP悬浮液中，颗粒Sn比溶解的Sn离子对毒性的贡献更大。此外，我们发现SnO ₂ NP悬浮液的毒性机制涉及通过增加细胞内ROS的积累来诱导氧化应激。