Abstract This paper proposes an optimization framework to simultaneously optimize the saline and freshwater water sources as well as decentralized renewable and conventional energy sources, which consequently results in an economic and efficient water-energy system operation. The inextricable links between water and energy systems are taken into considerations, and a mixed integer nonlinear programming formulation is used to solve the proposed optimization model. A hybrid electrodialysis-reverse osmosis is integrated in the water distribution system and its electricity consumption is minimized. Also, the day-ahead economic dispatch problem of the energy system incorporates the random behavior of solar and wind generation units, along with charging and discharging modes of battery storage systems. The outcomes of the proposed models highlight: 1) integrating the hybrid desalination module in the water-energy system will reduce peak demands by more than 30% if the water and energy systems are solely supplied by saline water and renewable energy sources, respectively; 2) presence of an extra water storage tank also decreases peak demands by 13%. The impact of key elements of the combined system such as pumps’ speeds, water tank constraints, and presence of renewable sources on the output cost, generated energy, and hydraulic parameters is investigated through case studies.

中文翻译：

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包括电渗析-反渗透联合海水淡化装置在内的孤岛水能网络的优化设计和运行

摘要 本文提出了一个优化框架，同时优化咸水和淡水资源以及分散的可再生和常规能源，从而实现经济高效的水能系统运行。考虑到水和能源系统之间不可分割的联系，并使用混合整数非线性规划公式来求解所提出的优化模型。混合电渗析-反渗透集成在配水系统中，其电力消耗最小化。此外，能源系统的日前经济调度问题包括太阳能和风力发电机组的随机行为，以及电池存储系统的充电和放电模式。拟议模型的结果突出显示：1）如果水和能源系统分别由咸水和可再生能源供应，将混合海水淡化模块集成到水能系统中将减少30%以上的峰值需求；2) 额外储水箱的存在也将峰值需求降低了 13%。通过案例研究调查了组合系统的关键要素（例如泵的速度、水箱限制和可再生能源的存在）对输出成本、产生的能量和水力参数的影响。