In residue return farming, ploughing and zero‐tillage (syn. no‐till or minimal tillage) rotation may regulate soil physicochemical properties and help reduce erosion and improve productivity; however, the soil physicochemical properties and soil productivity response to ploughing and zero‐tillage rotation remain unclear. This present study evaluates the effects of ploughing and zero‐tillage rotation on soil physicochemical properties and crop productivity based on an 11‐year experiment (2007–2018) on a typical erodible area of the Loess Plateau. Three tillage methods were included: ploughing and zero‐tillage rotation with 1‐year ploughing tillage and 1‐year zero tillage (PZT), ploughing tillage with moldboard plough (PT), and zero tillage (ZT); crop residue was returned in all treatments. After 11 years' we tested, the PZT method showed significantly lower soil water storage in key maize growth stages, less soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (N) storage (0–10 cm), and poorer soil structure stability (0–10 cm) when compared with ZT. However, PZT showed significantly higher SOC and N storage (4.5%, 6.5% and 16.3%, 8.6%, respectively) in the 10–20 cm and 20–40 cm soil layers, compared with ZT. In addition, when compared with ZT and PT, PZT significantly decreased soil penetration resistance in 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–40 cm soil depths and significantly increased yield of maize by 10.9 and 7.8%, respectively, and of wheat by 11.2 and 9.8%, respectively. This study highlights that combining ploughing and zero tillage with return of crop residue changed soil physicochemical properties and can provide an effective method to improve soil productivity in an erodible field.

中文翻译：

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翻耕/零耕轮作调节土壤的理化特性，并提高残留物回耕系统中易蚀土壤的生产力

在残留物回耕法中，耕作和零耕（同步免耕或最小耕作）轮作可以调节土壤的理化性质，并有助于减少侵蚀和提高生产力。但是，耕作和零耕轮作的土壤理化特性和土壤生产力的响应仍不清楚。本研究基于黄土高原典型易蚀区的11年试验（2007-2018），评估了耕作和零耕轮作对土壤理化特性和农作物生产力的影响。包括三种耕作方法：耕种和零耕轮作，分别为1年耕种和1年零耕种（PZT），犁mold与犁耕（PT）和零耕种（ZT）；所有处理均使作物残渣返回。经过11年的测试，与玉米相比，PZT方法显示出在关键玉米生长阶段土壤蓄水量显着降低，土壤有机碳（SOC）和总氮（N）蓄积量较少（0-10 cm），土壤结构稳定性较差（0-10 cm）。 ZT。然而，与ZT相比，PZT在10–20 cm和20–40 cm土层中的SOC和氮存储量显着更高（分别为4.5％，6.5％和16.3％，8.6％）。此外，与ZT和PT相比，PZT在0–10 cm，10–20 cm和20–40 cm的土壤深度中显着降低了土壤渗透阻力，使玉米的产量分别增加了10.9％和7.8％。小麦分别增长11.2和9.8％。