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Ideal nitrogen concentration in leaves for the production of high-quality grapes cv ‘Alicante Bouschet’ (Vitis vinifera L.) subjected to modes of application and nitrogen doses
European Journal of Agronomy ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.eja.2020.126200
Lincon Oliveira Stefanello , Raíssa Schwalbert , Raí Augusto Schwalbert , Gerson Laerson Drescher , Lessandro De Conti , Luan Pierre Pott , Adriele Tassinari , Matheus Severo de Souza Kulmann , Isley Cristiellem Bicalho da Silva , Gustavo Brunetto

Abstract The low N use efficiency of vines calls for more efficient fertilization processes, which must mitigate losses caused by volatilization. Thus, N dose applications through different methods, such as fertigation, can potentiate N harnessing by vines. The study aimed to determine ideal N concentration in leaves for the production of high-quality grapes cv ‘Alicante Bouschet’ (Vitis vinifera L.) subjected to modes of application and N doses. The experiment was carried out in a bifactorial arrangement (N dose x modes of application) in a vineyard implanted in 2011, in Southern Brazil. The N doses were 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 kg N ha−1 year−1. The modes of application were N application without irrigation (NAWI), N application followed by irrigation (NAFI), and N application via fertigation (Fert). The study lasted three crop seasons. Complete leaves were collected at flowering and veraison to determine total N concentration. Grape yield and yield components were determined. Total soluble solids, total anthocyanins, and total polyphenols in grape must be assessed. The maximal recovery rate in grapes was at 36 kg N ha−1, when N concentration was higher than 2.75 % in leaves at flowering, and higher than 2.25 % at veraison, regardless of the N application mode. The concentrations of total anthocyanins, total polyphenols, and total soluble solids in grape must have diminished at doses higher than 60 kg N ha−1. Thus, N concentration in leaves can be used as a reference for grape yield, the concentration of anthocyanins, and soluble solids as indicators of high-quality grape.

中文翻译:

生产优质葡萄品种“Alicante Bouschet”(Vitis vinifera L.)的叶片中理想的氮浓度,受应用模式和氮剂量影响

摘要 葡萄藤氮素利用效率低,需要更高效的施肥过程,必须减少挥发造成的损失。因此,通过不同方法(如灌溉施肥)施用氮肥可以加强葡萄对氮的利用。该研究旨在确定叶片中理想的 N 浓度,以生产优质葡萄品种 'Alicante Bouschet'(Vitis vinifera L.),采用不同的施用方式和 N 剂量。该实验是在 2011 年在巴西南部种植的葡萄园中以双因素安排(N 剂量 x 应用模式)进行的。N 剂量为 0、20、40、60、80 和 100 kg N ha-1 year-1。施氮方式有不灌施氮(NAWI)、施氮后灌(NAFI)和施肥施氮(Fert)。该研究持续了三个作物季节。在开花和变色时收集完整的叶子以确定总氮浓度。测定了葡萄产量和产量成分。必须评估葡萄中的总可溶性固体、总花青素和总多酚。葡萄的最大回收率为 36 kg N ha-1,开花时叶子中的 N 浓度高于 2.75 %,而在 veraison 时高于 2.25 %,无论施氮模式如何。当剂量高于 60 kg N ha−1 时,葡萄中的总花青素、总多酚和总可溶性固形物的浓度一定会降低。因此,叶片中的氮浓度可以作为葡萄产量的参考,花青素的浓度和可溶性固形物作为优质葡萄的指标。测定了葡萄产量和产量成分。必须评估葡萄中的总可溶性固体、总花青素和总多酚。葡萄的最大回收率为 36 kg N ha-1,开花时叶子中的 N 浓度高于 2.75 %,而在 veraison 时高于 2.25 %,无论施氮模式如何。当剂量高于 60 kg N ha−1 时,葡萄中的总花青素、总多酚和总可溶性固形物的浓度一定会降低。因此,叶片中的氮浓度可以作为葡萄产量的参考,花青素的浓度和可溶性固形物作为优质葡萄的指标。测定了葡萄产量和产量成分。必须评估葡萄中的总可溶性固体、总花青素和总多酚。葡萄的最大回收率为 36 kg N ha-1,开花时叶子中的 N 浓度高于 2.75 %,而在 veraison 时高于 2.25 %,无论施氮模式如何。当剂量高于 60 kg N ha−1 时,葡萄中的总花青素、总多酚和总可溶性固形物的浓度一定会降低。因此,叶片中的氮浓度可以作为葡萄产量的参考,花青素的浓度和可溶性固形物作为优质葡萄的指标。当开花时叶片中氮浓度高于 2.75 % 时,无论施氮方式如何,叶中氮浓度均高于 2.25 % 时。当剂量高于 60 kg N ha−1 时,葡萄中的总花青素、总多酚和总可溶性固形物的浓度一定会降低。因此,叶片中的氮浓度可以作为葡萄产量的参考,花青素的浓度和可溶性固形物作为优质葡萄的指标。当开花时叶片中氮浓度高于 2.75 % 时,无论施氮方式如何,叶中氮浓度均高于 2.25 % 时。当剂量高于 60 kg N ha−1 时,葡萄中的总花青素、总多酚和总可溶性固形物的浓度一定会降低。因此,叶片中的氮浓度可以作为葡萄产量的参考,花青素的浓度和可溶性固形物作为优质葡萄的指标。
更新日期:2021-02-01
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