Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have become one of the current research hotspots and are used in many fields such as electrochemistry, energy, bioanalysis, and environmental monitoring, especially in the field of antibacterial research. In this study, we investigated the effect of properties of Ag NPs coated with polar materials. Ag NPs covered by a dispersant that was triethylene glycol monoethyl ether was stable and conquered the aggregation of Ag NPs. The effect of the dispersant on biocompatibility was explored through interaction experiments between Ag NPs and DNA sequence. The coated Ag NPs could adsorb DNA, and the fluorescence of FAM-DNA could be quenched by Ag NPs. The adsorption and desorption experiments of DNA showed that the order of DNA functional groups on the interaction process was phosphate>T>C>A>G. Moreover, we selected marine pathogenic bacteria to test the antibacterial effect of Ag NPs coated with a polar dispersant. The polar material had a certain inhibitory effect on the antibacterial activity of Ag NPs. However, small molecules such as bases could interact on the surface Ag NPs and release Ag⁺ to perform the antibacterial activity. The results could contribute to the further application of Ag NPs.

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极性材料包覆纳米银的性质及对海洋致病菌的抗菌活性

银纳米颗粒（Ag NPs）已成为当前的研究热点之一，并用于许多领域，例如电化学，能源，生物分析和环境监测，尤其是在抗菌研究领域。在这项研究中，我们调查了涂有极性材料的Ag NPs的性能影响。由三甘醇单乙醚分散剂覆盖的Ag NP稳定并克服了Ag NP的聚集。通过Ag NPs与DNA序列之间的相互作用实验探索了分散剂对生物相容性的影响。包被的Ag NP可以吸附DNA，而FAM-DNA的荧光可以被Ag NP猝灭。DNA的吸附和解吸实验表明，DNA官能团在相互作用过程中的顺序为磷酸盐> T> C> A> G。此外，我们选择了海洋致病菌来测试涂有极性分散剂的银纳米颗粒的抗菌作用。极性物质对银纳米颗粒的抗菌活性具有一定的抑制作用。但是，诸如碱之类的小分子可能会在表面Ag NP上相互作用并释放Ag⁺执行抗菌活性。结果可能有助于进一步应用银纳米颗粒。