In the current industrial revolution, additive manufacturing (AM) embodies a promising technology that can enhance the effectiveness, adaptability, and competitiveness of supply chains (SCs). Moreover, it facilitates the development of distributed SCs, thereby enhancing product availability, inventory levels, and lead time. However, the wide adoption of AM in industrial SCs creates various challenges, leading to new difficulties for SC design. In this context, this paper proposes a new design approach to AM SCs using optimization methods. More specifically, the proposed approach, comprising the p-median and mixed-integer linear programming models, considers the decision of deploying productive resources (3D printers) in specific locations of generic spare part SCs. The approach was evaluated in a real-world use case of an elevator maintenance service provider. The obtained results demonstrated the promising capabilities of the proposed design approach in managing the challenges arising from the forthcoming widespread use of 3D printers in manufacturing SCs.

中文翻译：

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备件供应链中增材制造的设计方法

在当前的工业革命中，增材制造（AM）体现了一种有前途的技术，可以增强供应链（SC）的有效性，适应性和竞争力。此外，它促进了分布式SC的开发，从而提高了产品可用性，库存水平和交货时间。但是，AM在工业SC中的广泛采用带来了各种挑战，给SC设计带来了新的困难。在这种情况下，本文提出了一种使用优化方法的AM SC的新设计方法。更具体地，所提出的方法包括p中值和混合整数线性规划模型，考虑了在通用备件SC的特定位置中部署生产资源（3D打印机）的决定。在电梯维护服务提供商的实际使用案例中评估了该方法。获得的结果证明了所提出的设计方法在应对因即将在制造SC中广泛使用3D打印机而引起的挑战方面的有希望的功能。