Modern Cyber-physical Systems (CPS) include applications like smart traffic, smart agriculture, smart power grid, etc. Commonly, these systems are distributed and composed of end-user applications and microservices that typically run in the cloud. The connection with the physical world, which is inherent to CPS, brings the need to operate and respond in real-time. As the cloud becomes part of the computation loop, the real-time requirements have to be also reflected by the cloud. In this paper, we present an approach that provides soft real-time guarantees on the response time of services running in cloud and edge-cloud (i.e., cloud geographically close to the end-user), where these services are developed in high-level programming languages. In particular, we elaborate a method that allows us to predict the upper bound of the response time of a service when sharing the same computer with other services. Importantly, as our approach focuses on minimizing the impact on the developer of such services, it does not require any special programming model nor limits usage of common libraries, etc.

中文翻译：

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在Edge-Cloud环境中管理延迟

现代的网络物理系统（CPS）包括智能交通，智能农业，智能电网等应用程序。通常，这些系统是分布式的，由通常在云中运行的最终用户应用程序和微服务组成。CPS固有的与物理世界的连接带来了实时操作和响应的需求。随着云成为计算循环的一部分，实时需求也必须由云反映出来。在本文中，我们提出了一种方法，可以为在云和边缘云（即地理上靠近最终用户的云）中运行的服务的响应时间提供软实时保证，其中这些服务是在高层开发的编程语言。尤其是，我们精心设计了一种方法，当与其他服务共享同一台计算机时，该方法可以预测服务响应时间的上限。重要的是，由于我们的方法着重于最大程度地减少此类服务对开发人员的影响，因此它不需要任何特殊的编程模型，也不需要限制公共库的使用等。