What does the age of participation look like from the perspective of a museum visitor? Arguably, the concept of participative experiences is already so deeply ingrained in our culture that we may not even think about it as participation. Museum visitors engage in a number of activities, of which observing the exhibits is only one part. Since most visitors come to the museum together with someone else, they spend time and attention on the people they came with, and often the needs of the group are given priority over individual preferences. How can museums tap into these activities - and make themselves relevant to visitors? In this chapter we will try to approach this constructively, as a design opportunity. Could it be productive for the museum to consider itself not only as a disseminator of knowledge, but also as the facilitator of participative activities between visitors? In what follows, we will outline a range of practical design projects that serve as examples of this approach. These projects were part of the European Union funded Horizon2020 project GIFT, a cross-disciplinary collaboration between researchers, artists, designers and many international museums and heritage organisations, exploring the concept of interpersonal museum experiences (see https://gifting.digital/). What the projects have in common is that they build on visitors co-creating and sharing their own narratives in the museum context. We suggest that these projects demonstrate a spectrum of possibilities: From experiences that take place almost without any museum involvement, to those that give museums a role in curating these narratives.

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人际博物馆体验设计

从博物馆参观者的角度来看，参与的年龄是什么样的？可以说，参与式体验的概念已经在我们的文化中根深蒂固，以至于我们甚至都不会将其视为参与。博物馆参观者从事许多活动，其中仅是观察展品的一部分。由于大多数游客都是和其他人一起来博物馆的，所以他们花时间和精力在与他们相处的人们上，并且通常把群体的需求放在个人喜好之上。博物馆如何利用这些活动-使自己与参观者相关？在本章中，我们将尝试以建设性的方式将其作为设计机会。博物馆不仅将自己视为知识的传播者，还能作为访客之间参与性活动的促进者吗？接下来，我们将概述一系列实用设计项目，以此为例。这些项目是欧盟资助的Horizo​​n2020项目GIFT的一部分，GIFT是研究人员，艺术家，设计师与许多国际博物馆和遗产组织之间的跨学科合作，探索人际博物馆体验的概念（请参阅https://gifting.digital/） 。这些项目的共同点在于，它们是基于游客在博物馆环境中共同创造和分享自己的叙事而建立的。我们建议这些项目展示各种可能性：从几乎没有任何博物馆参与的经历，到赋予博物馆在策划这些叙述中的作用的体验。