Background Altered glycosylation of proteins contributes to tumor progression. Dolichol phosphate mannose synthase (DPMS), an essential mannosyltransferase, plays a central role in post-translational modification of proteins, including N-linked glycoproteins, O-mannosylation, C-mannosylation and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors synthesis. Little is known about the function of DPMS in liver cancer. Methods The study explored the roles of DPMS in the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma using UALCAN, Human Protein Atlas, GEPIA, cBioPortal and Metascape databases. The mRNA expressions of DPM1/2/3 also were detected by quantitative real-time PCR experiments in vitro. Results The transcriptional and proteinic expressions of DPM1/2/3 were both over-expressed in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Over-expressions of DPMS were discovered to be dramatically associated with clinical cancer stages and pathological tumor grades in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. In addition, higher mRNA expressions of DPM1/2/3 were found to be significantly related to shorter overall survival in liver cancer patients. Futhermore, high genetic alteration rate of DPMS (41%) was also observed in patients with liver cancer, and genetic alteration in DPMS was associated with shorter overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. We also performed quantitative real-time PCR experiments in human normal hepatocytes and hepatoma cells to verify the expressions of DPM1/2/3 and results showed that the expression of DPM1 was significantly increased in hepatoma cells SMMC-7721 and HepG2. Conclusions Taken together, these results suggested that DPM1 could be a potential prognostic biomarker for survivals of hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

中文翻译：

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DPM1表达作为肝细胞癌潜在预后肿瘤标志物

背景改变的蛋白质糖基化有助于肿瘤进展。Dolichol phosphate mannose synthase (DPMS) 是一种必需的甘露糖基转移酶，在蛋白质的翻译后修饰中起核心作用，包括 N-连接糖蛋白、O-甘露糖基化、C-甘露糖基化和糖基磷脂酰肌醇锚定合成。关于DPMS在肝癌中的作用知之甚少。方法 本研究利用 UALCAN、人类蛋白质图谱、GEPIA、cBioPortal 和 Metascape 数据库探讨 DPMS 在肝细胞癌预后中的作用。DPM1/2/3的mRNA表达也通过体外定量实时PCR实验检测。结果DPM1/2/3的转录和蛋白表达在肝细胞癌患者中均出现过表达。发现 DPMS 的过表达与肝细胞癌患者的临床癌症分期和病理肿瘤分级显着相关。此外，发现 DPM1/2/3 的更高 mRNA 表达与肝癌患者较短的总生存期显着相关。此外，在肝癌患者中也观察到 DPMS 的高基因改变率（41%），并且 DPMS 的基因改变与肝细胞癌患者的总生存期较短有关。我们还在人正常肝细胞和肝癌细胞中进行了定量实时PCR实验，以验证DPM1/2/3的表达，结果表明DPM1在肝癌细胞SMMC-7721和HepG2中的表达显着增加。结论综合起来，