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Extraordinarily large permittivity modulation in zinc oxide for dynamic nanophotonics
Materials Today ( IF 21.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2020.10.023
Soham Saha , Aveek Dutta , Clayton DeVault , Benjamin T. Diroll , Richard D. Schaller , Zhaxylyk Kudyshev , Xiaohui Xu , Alexander Kildishev , Vladimir M. Shalaev , Alexandra Boltasseva

The dielectric permittivity of a material encapsulates the essential physics of light-matter interaction into the material's local response to optical excitation. Dynamic, photo-induced modulation of the permittivity can enable an unprecedented level of control over the phase, amplitude, and polarization of light. Therefore, the detailed dynamic characterization of technology-relevant materials with substantially tunable optical properties and fast response times is a crucial step in the realization of tunable optical devices. This work reports on the extraordinarily large permittivity changes in zinc oxide thin films (up to -3.6 relative change in the real part of the dielectric permittivity at 1600 nm wavelength) induced by optically generated free carriers. We demonstrate broadband reflectance modulation up to 70 percent in metal-backed oxide mirrors at the telecommunication wavelengths, with picosecond-scale relaxation times. The epsilon near zero points of the films can be dynamically shifted from 8.5 microns to 1.6 microns by controlling the pump fluence. Finally, we show that the modulation can be selectively enhanced at specific wavelengths employing metal-backed ZnO disks while maintaining picosecond-scale switching times. This work provides insights into the free-carrier assisted permittivity modulation in zinc oxide and could enable the realization of novel dynamic devices for beam-steering, polarizers, and spatial light modulators.

中文翻译:

用于动态纳米光子学的氧化锌中非常大的介电常数调制

材料的介电常数将光与物质相互作用的基本物理特性封装到材料对光激发的局部响应中。介电常数的动态光致调制可以实现对光的相位、振幅和偏振的前所未有的控制。因此,对具有基本可调光学特性和快速响应时间的技术相关材料进行详细的动态表征是实现可调光学器件的关键步骤。这项工作报告了由光学产生的自由载流子引起的氧化锌薄膜的极大介电常数变化(在 1600 nm 波长下介电常数的实部相对变化高达 -3.6)。我们在电信波长的金属背衬氧化物反射镜中展示了高达 70% 的宽带反射调制,具有皮秒级弛豫时间。通过控制泵能量密度,薄膜接近零点的 epsilon 可以从 8.5 微米动态移动到 1.6 微米。最后,我们表明可以使用金属背衬的 ZnO 磁盘在特定波长下选择性地增强调制,同时保持皮秒级的切换时间。这项工作提供了对氧化锌中自由载流子辅助介电常数调制的见解,并可以实现用于光束控制、偏振器和空间光调制器的新型动态器件。通过控制泵能量密度,薄膜接近零点的 epsilon 可以从 8.5 微米动态移动到 1.6 微米。最后,我们表明可以使用金属背衬的 ZnO 磁盘在特定波长下选择性地增强调制,同时保持皮秒级的切换时间。这项工作提供了对氧化锌中自由载流子辅助介电常数调制的见解,并可以实现用于光束控制、偏振器和空间光调制器的新型动态器件。通过控制泵能量密度,薄膜接近零点的 epsilon 可以从 8.5 微米动态移动到 1.6 微米。最后,我们表明可以使用金属背衬的 ZnO 磁盘在特定波长下选择性地增强调制,同时保持皮秒级的切换时间。这项工作提供了对氧化锌中自由载流子辅助介电常数调制的见解,并可以实现用于光束控制、偏振器和空间光调制器的新型动态器件。
更新日期:2020-11-01
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