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Effect of Al doping on the photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles decorated on CNTs and graphene: Solvothermal synthesis and study of experimental parameters
Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.mssp.2020.105584
Irshad Ahmad , Shazia Shukrullah , Mukhtar Ahmad , Ejaz Ahmed , Muhammad Yasin Naz , Muhammad Shoaib Akhtar , N.R. Khalid , Abid Hussain , Iqbal Hussain

Abstract With the motive of the improvement of the photocatalytic activity in the visible region and high inhibition of electron-hole pairs recombination rate, we presented a facile single step solvothermal route synthesized pure ZnO, Al doped ZnO, Al doped ZnO/CNTs and Al doped ZnO/graphene composite using ethylene glycol as solvent and reducing agent. The as-synthesized photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX, BET, UV–Vis DRS, PL, transient photocurrent response and EIS techniques. The experimental results for the photocatalytic Congo red degradation confirmed the successful incorporation of Al, CNTs and graphene into the lattice of ZnO and showed that Al doped ZnO/graphenecomposite revealed the highest photocatalytic activity of 100% within 60 min of simulated sunlight irradiation compared with pure ZnO, Al doped ZnO and Al doped ZnO/CNTs. The effect of operational parameters such as graphene loading, catalyst dose, initial pH, initial dye concentration, light intensity, oxidants, cations and anions on the photocatalytic activity of the optimum photocatalyst (Al doped ZnO/graphene) was also studied. The results of the operational parameters verified that 50 mg/L of Congo red could be completely degraded at graphene loading: 7 wt%, initial pH: 9, light intensity: 300 W/m2, catalyst dose: 0.7 g/L over 50 min sunlight irradiation. Under the effect of optimum operational conditions, five times recycle experiments revealed negligible decline in the degradation efficiency of Al doped ZnO/graphene catalyst and confirmed its efficient reusability and stability.

中文翻译:

Al掺杂对碳纳米管和石墨烯修饰的ZnO纳米粒子光催化活性的影响:溶剂热合成及实验参数研究

摘要 为了提高可见光区的光催化活性和高抑制电子-空穴对复合率,我们提出了一种简便的一步溶剂热合成纯 ZnO、Al 掺杂 ZnO、Al 掺杂 ZnO/CNTs 和 Al 掺杂的途径。以乙二醇为溶剂和还原剂的氧化锌/石墨烯复合材料。通过XRD、SEM、TEM、EDX、BET、UV-Vis DRS、PL、瞬态光电流响应和EIS技术对合成的光催化剂进行表征。光催化降解刚果红的实验结果证实了铝、碳纳米管和石墨烯成功掺入到 ZnO 的晶格中,并表明与纯铝相比,掺杂铝的 ZnO/石墨烯复合材料在模拟阳光照射 60 分钟内显示出 100% 的最高光催化活性氧化锌,Al掺杂的ZnO和Al掺杂的ZnO/CNT。还研究了石墨烯负载量、催化剂剂量、初始 pH 值、初始染料浓度、光强度、氧化剂、阳离子和阴离子等操作参数对最佳光催化剂(Al 掺杂 ZnO/石墨烯)的光催化活性的影响。操作参数的结果证实,在石墨烯负载量:7 wt%,初始 pH:9,光强度:300 W/m2,催化剂剂量:0.7 g/L 50 分钟内,50 mg/L 的刚果红可以完全降解阳光照射。在最佳操作条件的影响下,5 次循环实验表明,Al 掺杂的 ZnO/石墨烯催化剂的降解效率下降可以忽略不计,并证实了其高效的可重复使用性和稳定性。还研究了初始 pH、初始染料浓度、光强度、氧化剂、阳离子和阴离子对最佳光催化剂(Al 掺杂 ZnO/石墨烯)的光催化活性的影响。操作参数的结果证实,在石墨烯负载量:7 wt%,初始 pH:9,光强度:300 W/m2,催化剂剂量:0.7 g/L 50 分钟内,50 mg/L 的刚果红可以完全降解阳光照射。在最佳操作条件的影响下,5 次循环实验表明,Al 掺杂的 ZnO/石墨烯催化剂的降解效率下降可以忽略不计,并证实了其高效的可重复使用性和稳定性。还研究了初始 pH、初始染料浓度、光强度、氧化剂、阳离子和阴离子对最佳光催化剂(Al 掺杂 ZnO/石墨烯)的光催化活性的影响。操作参数的结果证实,在石墨烯负载量:7 wt%,初始 pH:9,光强度:300 W/m2,催化剂剂量:0.7 g/L 50 分钟内,50 mg/L 的刚果红可以完全降解阳光照射。在最佳操作条件的影响下,5 次循环实验表明,Al 掺杂的 ZnO/石墨烯催化剂的降解效率下降可以忽略不计,并证实了其高效的可重复使用性和稳定性。操作参数的结果证实,在石墨烯负载量:7 wt%,初始 pH:9,光强度:300 W/m2,催化剂剂量:0.7 g/L 50 分钟内,50 mg/L 的刚果红可以完全降解阳光照射。在最佳操作条件的影响下,5 次循环实验表明,Al 掺杂的 ZnO/石墨烯催化剂的降解效率下降可以忽略不计,并证实了其高效的可重复使用性和稳定性。操作参数的结果证实,在石墨烯负载量:7 wt%,初始 pH:9,光强度:300 W/m2,催化剂剂量:0.7 g/L 50 分钟内,50 mg/L 的刚果红可以完全降解阳光照射。在最佳操作条件的影响下,5 次循环实验表明,Al 掺杂的 ZnO/石墨烯催化剂的降解效率下降可以忽略不计,并证实了其高效的可重复使用性和稳定性。
更新日期:2021-03-01
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