Abstract Metal doping has been demonstrated to be an effective strategy to modulate photocatalytic properties. However, it is very challenging to achieve tunable electronic structures and controllable morphologies with more active sites only via metal doping. Herein, Zr doped CaTiO3 photocatalysts with enhanced photocatalytic activities toward the hydrogen evolution was prepared by one-step mild hydrothermal reaction. We revealed that zirconium doping would regulate the surface structures of CaTiO3 from smooth surface to characteristic nanosteps structures. This nanosteps structure with more exposed active sites accompanied by higher exposed surface area, oxygen vacancies and reduction ability, effectively promote the separation of photo-induced carriers, thus resulting in increased photocatalytic properties. This work provides a guideline for surface structures and electronic structures modification simultaneously to design powerful photocatalysts only by metal doping.

中文翻译：

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在具有表面纳米阶梯结构的钛酸钙钙钛矿氧化物中掺杂锆以促进光催化产氢

摘要 金属掺杂已被证明是调节光催化性能的有效策略。然而，仅通过金属掺杂实现具有更多活性位点的可调电子结构和可控形态是非常具有挑战性的。在此，通过一步温和的水热反应制备了具有增强的析氢光催化活性的 Zr 掺杂的 CaTiO3 光催化剂。我们发现锆掺杂将调节 CaTiO3 的表面结构，从光滑表面到特征纳米台阶结构。这种具有更多暴露活性位点的纳米台阶结构伴随着更高的暴露表面积、氧空位和还原能力，有效地促进了光致载流子的分离，从而提高了光催化性能。