Abstract

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is peculiar to all higher plants; it occurs in natural populations or arises under distant (sexual or somatic) hybridization. CMS and fertility restoration are important speciation characters and also the most valuable for breeding. The main features of structural and functional organization of CMS-associated mitochondrial genes in forms with different sterilizing cytoplasms are considered. The origin of nuclear PPR genes as the most probable candidates associated with pollen fertility restoration trait is discussed; examples of “atypical” Rf genes of some species are given. On the basis of data on studies of diverse CMS-Rf genetic systems, the possibility of parallelism in the variability pattern of genes responsible for sterility and male fertility restoration in plants is shown.

中文翻译：

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诱导和抑制植物细胞质雄性不育的基因的结构和功能组织

摘要

细胞质雄性不育（CMS）是所有高等植物所特有的。它发生在自然种群中或在远距离（性或体细胞）杂交后出现。雄性不育和育性恢复是重要的形态特征，也是最有价值的育种。考虑了具有不同灭菌细胞质形式的CMS相关线粒体基因的结构和功能组织的主要特征。讨论了与花粉育性恢复性状有关的最有可能的候选核PPR基因的起源；给出了一些物种的“非典型” Rf基因的例子。根据有关多种CMS- Rf研究的数据 在遗传系统中，显示了导致植物不育和雄性育性恢复的基因变异性模式平行的可能性。