The Mars 2020 Perseverance rover is equipped with a next-generation engineering camera imaging system that represents an upgrade over previous Mars rover missions. These upgrades will improve the operational capabilities of the rover with an emphasis on drive planning, robotic arm operation, instrument operations, sample caching activities, and documentation of key events during entry, descent, and landing (EDL). There are a total of 16 cameras in the Perseverance engineering imaging system, including 9 cameras for surface operations and 7 cameras for EDL documentation. There are 3 types of cameras designed for surface operations: Navigation cameras (Navcams, quantity 2), Hazard Avoidance Cameras (Hazcams, quantity 6), and Cachecam (quantity 1). The Navcams will acquire color stereo images of the surface with a \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$96^{\circ}\times 73^{\circ}$\end{document}96∘×73∘ field of view at 0.33 mrad/pixel. The Hazcams will acquire color stereo images of the surface with a \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$136^{\circ}\times 102^{\circ}$\end{document}136∘×102∘ at 0.46 mrad/pixel. The Cachecam, a new camera type, will acquire images of Martian material inside the sample tubes during caching operations at a spatial scale of 12.5 microns/pixel. There are 5 types of EDL documentation cameras: The Parachute Uplook Cameras (PUCs, quantity 3), the Descent stage Downlook Camera (DDC, quantity 1), the Rover Uplook Camera (RUC, quantity 1), the Rover Descent Camera (RDC, quantity 1), and the Lander Vision System (LVS) Camera (LCAM, quantity 1). The PUCs are mounted on the parachute support structure and will acquire video of the parachute deployment event as part of a system to characterize parachute performance. The DDC is attached to the descent stage and pointed downward, it will characterize vehicle dynamics by capturing video of the rover as it descends from the skycrane. The rover-mounted RUC, attached to the rover and looking upward, will capture similar video of the skycrane from the vantage point of the rover and will also acquire video of the descent stage flyaway event. The RDC, attached to the rover and looking downward, will document plume dynamics by imaging the Martian surface before, during, and after rover touchdown. The LCAM, mounted to the bottom of the rover chassis and pointed downward, will acquire \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$90^{\circ}\times 90^{\circ}$\end{document}90∘×90∘ FOV images during the parachute descent phase of EDL as input to an onboard map localization by the Lander Vision System (LVS). The rover also carries a microphone, mounted externally on the rover chassis, to capture acoustic signatures during and after EDL. The Perseverance rover launched from Earth on July 30th, 2020, and touchdown on Mars is scheduled for February 18th, 2021.

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毅力号火星车上的 Mars 2020 工程相机和麦克风：用于火星探索的下一代成像系统

Mars 2020 Perseverance 火星车配备了下一代工程相机成像系统，是对之前火星车任务的升级。这些升级将提高漫游车的操作能力，重点是驱动规划、机械臂操作、仪器操作、样本缓存活动以及进入、下降和着陆 (EDL) 期间的关键事件记录。Perseverance工程成像系统共有16个摄像头，其中9个用于地面作业，7个用于EDL文档。有 3 种类型的摄像头设计用于水面作业：导航摄像头（Navcams，数量 2）、避险摄像头（Hazcams，数量 6）和 Cachecam（数量 1）。导航摄像头将使用 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} 获取表面的彩色立体图像\usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$96^{\circ}\times 73^{\circ}$\end{document}96∘×73∘ 视野在 0.33 mrad/像素。Hazcams 将使用 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} 获取表面的彩色立体图像\usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$136^{\circ}\times 102^{\circ}$\end{document}136∘×102∘ at 0.46 mrad/pixel . Cachecam，一种新的相机类型，将在缓存操作期间以 12.5 微米/像素的空间尺度获取样品管内火星物质的图像。EDL 文档相机有 5 种类型：Parachute Uplook 相机（PUC，数量 3）、Descent stage Downlook 相机（DDC，数量 1）、Rover Uplook 相机（RUC，数量 1）、Rover Descent Camera（RDC，数量 1) 和着陆器视觉系统 (LVS) 相机（LCAM，数量 1）。PUC 安装在降落伞支撑结构上，并将获取降落伞部署事件的视频，作为表征降落伞性能的系统的一部分。DDC 连接到下降阶段并指向下方，它将通过捕获漫游车从天车下降时的视频来表征车辆动力学。安装在流动站上的 RUC，连接到流动站并向上看，将从漫游车的有利位置捕获类似的天车视频，还将获取下降阶段飞行事件的视频。RDC 连接到火星车并向下看，将通过在火星车着陆之前、期间和之后对火星表面进行成像来记录羽流动力学。LCAM 安装在漫游车底盘底部并指向下方，将获得 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$90^{\circ}\times 90^{\circ}$\end{document}90∘×90∘ EDL 降落伞下降阶段的 FOV 图像作为着陆器视觉系统 (LVS) 机载地图定位的输入。漫游车还携带了一个麦克风，安装在漫游车底盘的外部，以捕获 EDL 期间和之后的声学特征。毅力号火星车于 2020 年 7 月 30 日从地球发射升空，并计划于 2021 年 2 月 18 日在火星上着陆。