Male fertility in farm animals is considered as an important economic trait. The phenomenon of spermatogenesis plays a dynamic functional role in determining the viability of sperm and thereby can impact on fertility-driven complications. The process of spermatogenesis is controlled by numerous molecular factors and requires a precisely regulated pattern of gene expression. The role of small noncoding RNAs in altering gene expression has been extensively studied. However, limited information is available apropos their role in yak spermatogenesis. The present study aimed to evaluate the assessment of some significant microRNAs and their expression pattern in the body tissues and sperm of fertile and subfertile yak from Arunachal Pradesh besides identified a novel class of sperm enriched small RNA ‘mature-sperm-enriched small RNA’ (mse-tsRNA) in Yak spermatozoa. The RNA was extracted from tissue and sperm using 27 gauge needles and subsequently reverse transcribed into small RNA cDNAs. The PCR positive sperm-predominant miRNAs were validated by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) for their expression in fertile and subfertile yak. Of the 22 microRNAs, the miRNA19a, miRNA142 and miRNA143 showed higher expression in the subfertile yak, whereas expression of miRNA7d, miRNA23a and miRNA23b were found elevated in the fertile animal. The presence of these small noncoding RNAs in yak sperm and testis indicated the legitimate involvement of their role in yak bull fertility.

中文翻译：

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表征阿鲁纳恰尔邦可育和不育牦牛精子中的 miRNA 和 mse-tsRNA

农场动物的雄性生育力被认为是一项重要的经济性状。精子发生现象在决定精子的活力方面起着动态的功能作用，从而可以影响生育驱动的并发症。精子发生过程受众多分子因素控制，需要精确调控的基因表达模式。小非编码 RNA 在改变基因表达中的作用已得到广泛研究。然而，关于它们在牦牛精子发生中的作用的信息有限。本研究旨在评估一些重要的 microRNAs 及其在来自阿鲁纳恰尔邦的可育和不育牦牛的身体组织和精子中的表达模式，此外还鉴定了一类新的富含精子的小 RNA“成熟-富含精子的小 RNA”。 mse-tsRNA）在牦牛精子中。使用 27 号针头从组织和精子中提取 RNA，随后反转录为小 RNA cDNA。PCR 阳性以精子为主的 miRNA 通过定量逆转录酶 PCR (qRT-PCR) 在可育和不育牦牛中的表达进行验证。在这 22 种 microRNA 中，miRNA19a、miRNA142 和 miRNA143 在不育牦牛中的表达较高，而 miRNA7d、miRNA23a 和 miRNA23b 在可育动物中的表达升高。