Peak ground velocity (PGV) is a commonly used parameter in earthquake ground‐motion models (GMMs) and hazard analyses, because it is closely related to structural damage and felt ground shaking, and is typically measured on broadband seismometers. Here, we demonstrate that strainmeters, which directly measure in situ strain in the bulk rock, can easily be related to ground velocity by a factor of bulk shear‐wave velocity and, thus, can be used to measure strain‐estimated PGV. We demonstrate the parity of velocity to strain utilizing data from borehole strainmeters deployed along the plate boundaries of the west coast of the United States for nine recent M 4.4–7.1 earthquakes in California, including the largest two events of the July 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence. PGVs derived from maximum horizontal shear strains fall within the range of seismic‐estimated values recorded at the same distances. We compare the strain‐estimated data with GMMs based on seismic PGVs and find consistency in residual polarity (positive vs. negative; the sign of the difference between observed and modeled data) for certain earthquake–station paths, where some paths indicate an overestimation and others indicate an underestimation of strain‐derived PGVs, as compared with the GMMs. We surmise that this may be indicative of over or underestimation of shear‐wave velocity along those paths, as compared with the average velocity used to derive PGV from strain measurements, or indicative of repeatable site and path effects that are not accounted for in our analyses. This direct comparison of strain with velocity can highlight physical path effects, as well as improve the density and capability of ground‐motion recordings.

中文翻译：

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与加利福尼亚最近地震相关的应变估算地面运动

峰值速度（PGV）是地震地动模型（GMM）和危险性分析中的常用参数，因为它与结构破坏和毛毡地震动密切相关，通常在宽带地震仪上进行测量。在这里，我们证明了直接测量散装岩石中原位应变的应变仪可以很容易地将体积剪切波速度与地面速度相关联，因此可以用于测量应变估算的PGV。我们利用沿美国西海岸板块边界部署的钻孔应变仪的数据证明了速度与应变的均等性，该数据用于加利福尼亚州最近发生的9次M 4.4-7.1级地震，包括2019年7月Ridgecrest地震序列中最大的两个事件。从最大水平剪切应变得出的PGV落在以相同距离记录的地震估计值的范围内。我们将基于地震PGV的应变估计数据与GMMs进行比较，发现某些地震台站路径的残余极性（正向与负向；观测到的数据与建模数据之间的差异的符号）的一致性，其中某些路径表示过高估计，另一些则表明与GMM相比，应变衍生的PGV被低估了。我们推测，与用于从应变测量得出PGV的平均速度相比，这可能表明沿这些路径的剪切波速度过高或过低，或者表明了我们的分析未考虑的可重复的站点和路径效应。