The term “unique scientific facility of the “Megascience” class” (USFMC) has come into widespread use in legal acts of a programmatic nature, which necessitates the study of the term in a legal context and determination of the relationship between this concept and the widely accepted term “global research infrastructure” (GRI). On the basis of the analysis of legal acts, policy documents and doctrinal sources, two key features of USFMC can be identified: 1) their large scale (physical, financial, technological), and 2) their particular relevance to science facilitating some breakthrough in a particular field of expertise. The study of the GRI essence makes it possible to propose the following definition: global research infrastructures are massive, valuable, unique due to their technical specifications complexes constructed and operated in the order of international cooperation (collaboration) between States, international organizations and other actors without international legal personality (State agencies, scientific institutions, funding institutions) and designed for long-term scientific research aimed at obtaining new breakthrough knowledge, substantially supplementing or modifying perceptions of reality. The domestic term “unique scientific facility of “Megascience” class” has the greatest overlap with such global research infrastructures as geographically localized (single-sited) large research infrastructures. The authors conclude that in order to align the domestic legal terminology in the field of “Megascience” with the terminology accepted world-wide, amendments should be made to the draft Federal Law “On Scientific, Scientific-Technical and Innovative Activities.”

“大型科学”类的独特科学设施（USFMC）一词已在程序性法律行为中得到广泛使用，这需要在法律背景下研究该术语并确定该概念与法律之间的关系。广泛接受的术语“全球研究基础设施”（GRI）。根据对法律行为，政策文件和教义来源的分析，可以确定USFMC的两个主要特征：1）规模大（物理，财务，技术），以及2）与科学的特殊关联性，促进了USFMC的一些突破。特定的专业领域。对GRI本质的研究可以提出以下定义：全球研究基础设施规模巨大，价值巨大，因其技术规格而独特，因为国家，国际组织和其他没有国际法人资格的行为者（国家机构，科学机构，资助机构）之间按照国际合作（合作）的顺序建造和运营的综合体，旨在用于长期科学研究在获得新的突破性知识时，实质上是对现实的补充或修改。国内术语“巨型科学”级的独特科学设施与地理分布（单地点）的大型研究基础设施等全球研究基础设施有最大的重叠。作者得出结论，为了使“大科学”领域中的国内法律术语与世界范围内接受的术语保持一致，