The direct reduction of graphene oxide (GO) by hydroiodic acid is an established method to produce iodine functionalized reduced GO (I-rGO). However, the stability of the iodine species within I-rGO upon heating and dispersing into different solvents, as required for many applications, has not been examined. Herein we examined the stability of I-rGO and utilized it to promote self-assembled nanoenergetic composites. I-rGO intercalated with polyiodide was found to be unstable at elevated temperature and when dispersed in organic solvents. The I-rGO exhibited excellent dispersion in dimethylformamide but resulted in a loss of iodine content as exfoliation released weakly-bound intercalated iodine species. The dispersed I-rGO was utilized as a scaffold to self-assemble I-rGO/Al and I-rGO/Al/Bi₂O₃ nanoenergetic composites. The I-rGO both prevented the phase separation of Al and Bi₂O₃ particles and provided a source for reactive iodine to etch the alumina shell surrounding Al fuel nanoparticles. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that the use of the I-rGO assembly template reduced the temperature of initiation and peak reaction and produced 70% greater energy release than randomly mixed Al/Bi₂O₃ nanoenergetic powder. In fact, 95% of the exothermal energy released by the reaction occurred while Al was in the solid state, suggesting that the reaction between free iodine and alumina was significant enough to greatly reduce the diffusion barrier between solid Al fuel and surrounding oxidizer. Further, the underlying conductive I-rGO scaffold reduces electrostatic discharge sensitivity of the nanoenergetic composite by almost four orders of magnitude.

氢碘酸直接还原氧化石墨烯（GO）是生产碘功能化还原GO（I-rGO）的既定方法。然而，如许多应用所要求的，未检查碘在加热和分散到不同溶剂中后在I-rGO中的稳定性。在这里，我们检查了I-rGO的稳定性，并利用它来促进自组装的纳米能量复合材料。发现插入聚碘化物的I-rGO在高温下以及分散在有机溶剂中时不稳定。I-rGO在二甲基甲酰胺中表现出极好的分散性，但由于剥落释放出弱结合的插层碘，导致碘含量下降。分散的I-rGO被用作支架以自组装I-rGO / Al和I-rGO / Al / Bi ₂ O ₃纳米高能复合材料。I-rGO既防止了Al和Bi ₂ O ₃颗粒的相分离，又提供了反应性碘的来源，以蚀刻包围Al燃料纳米颗粒的氧化铝壳。差示扫描量热法显示，与随机混合的Al / Bi ₂ O ₃相比，使用I-rGO组装模板降低了引发和峰反应的温度，并释放了70％以上的能量纳米能量粉。实际上，反应释放的放热能中有95％是在Al处于固态时发生的，这表明游离碘与氧化铝之间的反应足以显着降低固体Al燃料与周围氧化剂之间的扩散势垒。此外，下面的导电I-rGO支架将纳米高能复合材料的静电放电敏感性降低了几乎四个数量级。