The recently discovered phosphorus-rich stars pose a challenge to stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis theory, as none of the existing models can explain their extremely peculiar chemical abundances pattern. Apart from the large phosphorus enhancement, such stars also show enhancement in other light (O, Mg, Si, and Al) and heavy (e.g., Ce) elements. We have obtained high-resolution optical spectra of two optically bright phosphorus-rich stars (including a new P-rich star), for which we have determined a larger number of elemental abundances (from C to Pb). We confirm the unusual light-element abundance pattern with very large enhancements of Mg, Si, Al, and P, and possibly some Cu enhancement, but the spectrum of the new P-rich star are the only ones to reveal some C(+N) enhancement. When compared to other appropriate metal-poor and neutron-capture enhanced stars, the two P-rich stars show heavy-element overabundances similar to low neutron density s-process nucleosynthesis, with high first-peak (Sr, Y, and Zr) and second-peak (Ba, La, Ce, and Nd) element enhancements (even some Pb enhancement in one star) and a negative [Rb/Sr] ratio. However, this s-process is distinct from the one occurring in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. The notable distinctions encompass larger [Ba/La] and lower Eu and Pb than their AGB counterparts. Our observations should guide stellar nucleosynthesis theoreticians and observers to identify the P-rich star progenitor, which represents a new site for s-process nucleosynthesis, with important implications for the chemical evolution of our Galaxy.

最近发现的富含磷的恒星对恒星演化和核合成理论提出了挑战，因为现有的模型都无法解释其极其特殊的化学丰度模式。除了大幅度提高磷含量外，此类恒星还表现出其他轻元素（O，Mg，Si和Al）和重元素（例如Ce）的增强。我们已经获得了两个光学明亮的富含磷的恒星（包括一个新的富含P的恒星）的高分辨率光谱，为此我们确定了更多的元素丰度（从C到Pb）。我们确认了异常的光元素丰度模式，其中镁，硅，铝和磷的增加非常大，可能还有一些铜的增加，但是新的富含P的恒星的光谱是唯一揭示某些C（+ N ）增强。s-过程核合成，具有较高的第一峰（Sr，Y和Zr）和第二峰（Ba，La，Ce和Nd）元素增强（甚至在一颗恒星中某些Pb增强），并且负[Rb / Sr ] 比率。但是，这种s过程与渐近巨星分支（AGB）的恒星不同。与AGB相比，显着的区别包括更大的[Ba / La]和更低的Eu和Pb。我们的观察结果应指导恒星核合成理论家和观察者确定富含P的恒星祖细胞，它代表s-流程核合成的新场所，对我们银河系的化学演化具有重要意义。