Due to the increase of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies demand, the optimal sensor node deployment is considered as one of the most important factors that directly affect the network coverage. Most researches in WSNs that solved the problem of coverage in homogeneous and heterogeneous cases are suffering from many drawbacks such as consumed energy and high cost. In this paper, we propose an efficient deployment model based on probabilistic sensing model (PSM) and harmony search algorithm (HSA) to achieve the balance between the network coverage performance and the network cost in a heterogeneous wireless sensor network (HEWSN). The HSA is used for deployment optimization of HEWSN nodes which makes a balance between the coverage and financial cost. The PSM is used to solve the overlapping problem among the sensors. The performance of the proposed model is analyzed in terms of coverage ratio and cost evaluations. The simulation results showed the capability of the proposed heterogeneous deployment model to achieve maximum coverage and a minimum number of sensors compared to homogeneous deployment. Furthermore, a comparative study with a meta-heuristic genetic-based algorithm in HEWSN has also been conducted, and its results confirm the superiority of the proposed model.

中文翻译：

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基于和谐搜索算法的异构无线传感器网络覆盖最大化的有效部署模型

由于无线传感器网络（WSN）技术需求的增加，传感器节点的最佳部署被认为是直接影响网络覆盖范围的最重要因素之一。解决了同质和异质情况下的覆盖问题的WSN的大多数研究都面临着许多缺点，例如耗能大，成本高。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于概率感知模型（PSM）和和谐搜索算法（HSA）的有效部署模型，以实现异构无线传感器网络（HEWSN）的网络覆盖性能和网络成本之间的平衡。HSA用于HEWSN节点的部署优化，从而在覆盖范围和财务成本之间取得平衡。PSM用于解决传感器之间的重叠问题。根据覆盖率和成本评估来分析所提出模型的性能。仿真结果表明，与同类部署相比，所提出的异构部署模型能够实现最大覆盖范围和最少数量的传感器。此外，还进行了基于元启发式遗传算法的HEWSN对比研究，其结果证实了该模型的优越性。