In recent years, the removal of dyes from wastewater has attracted considerable attention due to their harmful effects to ecosystem and human health. Adsorption as a facile and effective technique has been widely used to eliminate a large variety of dyes from aqueous solutions. Activated carbon is the most preferred adsorbent to treat wastewater but its use is limited because of high cost. Therefore, several low-cost and natural materials and wastes have been used as precursors for the preparation of alternative adsorbents. Among them, sawdust as an abundant and low-cost by-product has been explored as adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater. This review focuses on the various sawdust used as a precursor for the preparation of activated carbons. Extensive literature information about sawdust, its compositions, activation methods, its efficiency for dyes removal, and environmental conditions effects has been reviewed. The applicability of various adsorption kinetic models and adsorption isotherm models for dye removal by sawdust-derived activated carbons has been also reported. Finally, this paper highlights the use of sawdust as base material for various composites and mixture which can be used as granular activated carbon.

中文翻译：

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木屑作为低成本吸附剂去除染料的效率

近年来，去除废水中的染料因其对生态系统和人类健康的有害影响而引起了广泛关注。吸附作为一种简便有效的技术，已被广泛用于从水溶液中去除多种染料。活性炭是处理废水最优选的吸附剂，但由于成本高，其使用受到限制。因此，几种低成本的天然材料和废物已被用作制备替代吸附剂的前体。其中，木屑作为一种丰富且成本低廉的副产品，已被探索用作去除废水中染料的吸附剂。本综述重点介绍用作制备活性炭前体的各种锯末。关于锯末、其成分、活化方法、已对其去除染料的效率和环境条件影响进行了审查。还报道了各种吸附动力学模型和吸附等温线模型对木屑衍生活性炭去除染料的适用性。最后，本文重点介绍了使用锯末作为各种复合材料和混合物的基础材料，这些复合材料和混合物可用作颗粒活性炭。