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The Origin of Lipid Rafts
Biochemistry ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-23 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00851
Steven L. Regen 1
Affiliation  

The time-averaged lateral organization of the lipids and proteins that make up mammalian cell membranes continues to be the subject of intense interest and debate. Since the introduction of the fluid mosaic model almost 50 years ago, the “lipid raft hypothesis” has emerged as a popular concept that has captured the imagination of a large segment of the biomembrane community. In particular, the notion that lipid rafts play a pivotal role in cellular processes such as signal transduction and membrane protein trafficking is now favored by many investigators. Despite the attractiveness of lipid rafts, their composition, size, lifetime, biological function, and even the very existence remain controversial. The central tenet that underlies this hypothesis is that cholesterol and high-melting lipids have favorable interactions (i.e., they pull together), which lead to transient domains. Recent nearest-neighbor recognition (NNR) studies have expanded the lipid raft hypothesis to include the influence that low-melting lipids have on the organization of lipid membranes. Specifically, it has been found that mimics of cholesterol and high-melting lipids are repelled (i.e., pushed away) by low-melting lipids in fluid bilayers. The picture that has emerged from our NNR studies is that lipid mixing is governed by a balance of these “push and pull” forces, which maximizes the number of hydrocarbon contacts and attractive van der Waals interactions within the membrane. The power of the NNR methodology is that it allows one to probe these push/pull interaction energies that are measured in tens of calories per mole.

中文翻译:

脂质筏的起源

构成哺乳动物细胞膜的脂质和蛋白质的时间平均横向组织仍然是引起广泛关注和辩论的主题。自将近50年前引入流体镶嵌模型以来,“脂质筏假说”已成为一种流行的概念,引起了生物膜界很大一部分人的想像。尤其是,脂质筏在诸如信号转导和膜蛋白运输等细胞过程中起着关键作用的观点现在被许多研究者所青睐。尽管脂筏具有吸引力,但它们的组成,大小,寿命,生物学功能,甚至其存在仍然是有争议的。提出这一假设的主要原则是胆固醇和高熔点脂质具有良好的相互作用(即,它们结合在一起),导致瞬态域。最近的最近邻居识别(NNR)研究已经扩展了脂质筏假说,以包括低熔点脂质对脂质膜组织的影响。具体地,已经发现胆固醇和高熔点脂质的模拟物被流体双层中的低熔点脂质所排斥(即,被推开)。从我们的NNR研究中得出的结论是,脂质混合受这些“推拉”力的平衡支配,这使膜内的碳氢化合物接触和范德华力之间的相互作用最大化。NNR方法论的强大之处在于它使人们能够探测到这些推/拉相互作用能,以每摩尔数十卡路里的量度。最近的最近邻居识别(NNR)研究已经扩展了脂质筏假说,以包括低熔点脂质对脂质膜组织的影响。具体地,已经发现,胆固醇和高熔点脂质的模拟物被流体双层中的低熔点脂质所排斥(即被推开)。通过我们的NNR研究得出的结论是,脂质混合受这些“推拉”力的平衡控制,这可最大化膜内烃接触和范德华相互作用的数量。NNR方法论的强大之处在于它使人们能够探测到这些推/拉相互作用能,以每摩尔数十卡路里的量度。最近的最近邻居识别(NNR)研究已经扩展了脂质筏假说,以包括低熔点脂质对脂质膜组织的影响。具体地,已经发现胆固醇和高熔点脂质的模拟物被流体双层中的低熔点脂质所排斥(即,被推开)。通过我们的NNR研究得出的结论是,脂质混合受这些“推拉”力的平衡控制,这可最大化膜内烃接触和范德华相互作用的数量。NNR方法论的强大之处在于它使人们能够探测到这些推/拉相互作用能,以每摩尔数十卡路里的量度。具体地,已经发现,胆固醇和高熔点脂质的模拟物被流体双层中的低熔点脂质所排斥(即被推开)。通过我们的NNR研究得出的结论是,脂质混合受这些“推拉”力的平衡控制,这可最大化膜内烃接触和范德华相互作用的数量。NNR方法论的强大之处在于它使人们能够探测到这些推/拉相互作用能,以每摩尔数十卡路里的量度。具体地,已经发现,胆固醇和高熔点脂质的模拟物被流体双层中的低熔点脂质所排斥(即被推开)。从我们的NNR研究中得出的结论是,脂质混合受这些“推拉”力的平衡支配,这使膜内的碳氢化合物接触和范德华力之间的相互作用最大化。NNR方法论的强大之处在于它使人们能够探测到这些推/拉相互作用能,以每摩尔数十卡路里的量度。从而最大化了膜内碳氢化合物接触和有吸引力的范德华相互作用的数量。NNR方法论的强大之处在于它使人们能够探测到这些推/拉相互作用能,以每摩尔数十卡路里的量度。从而最大化了膜内碳氢化合物接触和有吸引力的范德华相互作用的数量。NNR方法论的强大之处在于它使人们能够探测到这些推/拉相互作用能,以每摩尔数十卡路里的量度。
更新日期:2020-12-15
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