One approach to mitigate the emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the development of CO₂-based products, such as fuels for road traffic and aviation. Since the acceptance of sustainable product innovations such as CO₂-based fuels depends on an individual’s acceptance decision based on perceived risks and benefits, this study focuses on subjective risk perceptions of fuel toxicity. An online survey was conducted to assess risk evaluations of CO₂-based fuels regarding various risk targets, exposure characteristics, negative outcomes for health and environment, and frequency of health impairments. CO₂-based fuels were significantly more positively perceived than conventional fuels and were found to be perceived to pose less risks regarding types of exposure and properties leading to toxic effects. For both aviation and road traffic the acceptance of CO₂-based fuels increased with decreasing fear of health and environmental consequences and the less frequently health effects were assessed. The findings allow to derive implications for risk assessment and communication strategies in the development and roll-out of CO₂-based fuels.

减轻二氧化碳（CO ₂）排放的一种方法是开发基于CO ₂的产品，例如用于道路交通和航空的燃料。由于对可持续产品创新（例如基于CO ₂的燃料）的接受取决于个人基于感知到的风险和利益的接受决策，因此本研究着重于对燃料毒性的主观风险感知。进行了一项在线调查，以评估基于CO ₂的燃料的风险评估，涉及各种风险目标，暴露特征，对健康和环境的负面影响以及健康损害的发生频率。一氧化碳₂基燃料比传统燃料明显更具积极性，并且被发现与暴露类型和导致毒性作用的性质有关的风险较小。对于航空和公路交通而言，基于CO ₂的燃料的接受程度随着对健康和环境后果的担忧的减少而增加，并且评估了对健康影响的频率降低。这些发现有助于得出基于CO ₂的燃料开发和推出中的风险评估和交流策略的含义。