More and more cultivated coastal territories of Syria are being affected by increasing land degradation processes, specifically, by soil erosion due to non‐sustainable soil management. The use of cover crops can be considered an ideal solution to reduce the negative impacts of extreme rainfall events on soil erosion. However, there is no enough information about the main cultivated areas of Syria due to the current conflicts and the very few types of research conducted there. Therefore, the main aim of this research was to assess soil erosion (soil loss and sediment concentration) and hydrological response (run‐off and infiltration) considering the impact of different types of cropping systems on soil organic matter. To achieve this goal, using erosion plots, five grouped natural rainfall events and soil samples were collected, and infiltration measurements were performed between November 2012 and April 2013 (rainy season) on three different cropping systems (wheat, vetch, bean and control) with different sloping gradients (8% and 20%) in Tartous governorate (W Syria). Our results showed a cumulative rainfall amount from 68.8 to 201 mm during the study period. The highest sediment yield was generated in the control and wheat plots, registering 0.468 and 0.368 kg m⁻², respectively, with an inclination of 8%. For an inclination of 20%, the control and wheat plots registered 1.145 and 0.967 kg m⁻², respectively. In comparison with the control plots, there was a decrease in the total eroded organic matter, which ranged from 0.0579 (control) to 0.0289 (bean) kg m⁻² year⁻¹ in the plots with 20% inclination, and from 0.0233 (control) to 0.0069 (bean) kg m⁻² year⁻¹ with 8% inclination. To sum up, bean and vetch play an effective role to mitigate soil erosion, delay run‐off and reduce sediment yield. The output of this research provides first insights into the impact of different land uses on soil loss. Also, it could help rural inhabitants and farmers to correctly manage their soils against soil erosion processes.

中文翻译：

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暴雨对叙利亚西部沿海农业地区不同覆盖作物系统的土壤侵蚀和有机质的影响

越来越多的土地退化过程，特别是由于不可持续的土壤管理而造成的土壤侵蚀，正在影响着叙利亚越来越多的耕种沿海领土。覆盖作物的使用可以被认为是减少极端降雨事件对土壤侵蚀的负面影响的理想解决方案。但是，由于当前的冲突以及在那里进行的研究类型很少，因此关于叙利亚主要耕种地区的信息不足。因此，本研究的主要目的是评估土壤侵蚀（土壤流失和沉积物浓度）和水文响应（径流和入渗），同时考虑不同类型的耕作制度对土壤有机质的影响。为了实现这一目标，使用侵蚀图收集了五组自然降雨事件和土壤样本，在2012年11月至2013年4月（雨季）之间，对塔尔图斯省（W叙利亚）的三种不同坡度（分别为8％和20％）的不同种植系统（小麦、,子，豆类和对照）进行了入渗测量。我们的结果显示，在研究期间，累积降雨量为68.8至201 mm。对照区和小麦区的沉积物产量最高，分别为0.468和0.368 kg m^-2分别倾斜8％。对于20％的倾斜度，对照和小麦地块分别记录为1.145和0.967 kg m ^-2。与对照样地相比，总侵蚀有机物减少了，在倾斜度为20％的样地中，从0.0579（对照）到0.0289（豆）kg m - ² 年^-1，从0.0233（对照）至0.0069（豆）kg m - ² 年^-1倾斜度为8％。综上所述，豆and菜在减轻水土流失，延缓径流和降低沉积物产量方面发挥了有效作用。这项研究的结果提供了对不同土地利用对土壤流失影响的初步见解。而且，它可以帮助农村居民和农民正确管理土壤，以免受到土壤侵蚀。