Results from initial experiments in western Nebraska suggest that opportunity exists to decrease seeding rates of pea (Pisum sativum L.) to optimize yield while maintaining partial net return. Refined planting recommendations, especially planting time, are still largely unknown for western Nebraska. This experiment evaluated the effects of seeding rates and planting dates of pea on emergence, grain yield, and grain yield components. Two locations in Nebraska were evaluated in 2018 and 2019. Treatments consisted of three planting dates and five seeding rates arranged as a split‐plot design. Emergence was measured in each plot until emergence stabilized. Whole plant biomass, pods plant^–1, seeds plant^–1, and harvest index were recorded at harvest. Planting later resulted in increased plant density and decreased time to 50 and 90% emergence. Planting date also changed the economically optimal plant population. At Sidney in 2018, optimal plant population changed from 96 plants m^–2 (early) and 115 plants m^–2 (late) to 82 plants m^–2 (middle). Partial net return was increased by US$26.74 ha^–1 and US$65.43 ha^–1 with the middle planting date over the early and late planting dates. Across three site‐years, the economically optimal plant population only varied by 4 plants m^–2 between the three planting dates. Later planting improves percent emergence without reducing yield. Seeding rates that have been adjusted for expected germination should target a population between 70 and 109 plants m^–2 to optimize partial net return. Final plant population influences grain yield more than planting date, although both affect yield response.

中文翻译：

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内布拉斯加州半干旱高平原上豌豆的播种日期和播种率

内布拉斯加州西部的初步实验结果表明，存在降低豌豆（Pisum sativum L.）播种率的机会，以在保持部分净收益的同时优化产量。内布拉斯加州西部仍然对精细的种植建议（尤其是种植时间）仍然知之甚少。该实验评估了豌豆的播种量和播种日期对出苗，籽粒产量和籽粒产量成分的影响。内布拉斯加州的两个地点分别于2018年和2019年进行了评估。处理方式包括三个播种日期和五个播种率，采用分块设计。在每个小区中测量出现情况，直到出现稳定为止。整株生物量，豆荚植物^–1，种子植物^–1，并在收获时记录收获指数。播种后导致植物密度增加，出苗时间缩短到50％和90％。播种日期也改变了经济上最佳的植物种群。在2018年的悉尼，最佳植物种群从96株m ^-2（早期）和115株m ^-2（晚期）变为82株m ^-2（中）。在中旬播种日期比早期和后期播种日期高，部分净收益增加了26.74公顷^–1美元和65.43公顷^–1美元。在三个站点年中，经济上最佳的植物种群仅相差4 m ^–2在三个播种日期之间。后期播种可提高出苗率，而不会降低产量。已针对预期发芽进行了调整的播种速率应针对70至109株m ^-2的种群，以优化部分净收益。最终植物种群对谷物产量的影响大于播种日期，尽管两者都影响产量响应。