Several studies reported that modifying CuO with CuWO₄ can increase its photoactivity. In this study, copper and tungsten heterostructure materials were synthesized via a simple sol-gel method using ammonium paratungstate. The temperature’s influence (300, 500, 700, and 900 °C) was analyzed in the structural, morphological, microstructural, and optical properties of Cu and W materials using X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, field emission-scanning electron microcopy, transmission electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and dynamic light-scattering studies. The CuO diffraction patterns exhibited a tenorite phase formation, and the copper-tungsten materials diffractograms demonstrated the formation of CuO/CuWO₄ at 300 and 500 °C and CuO/CuWO₄/Cu₂WO₄/WO₃ materials at 700 and 900 °C with crystallite sizes from 25 to 56 nm. Intense vibrational modes obtained at 300 °C for the CuWO₄ phase decreased at 500 °C. Therefore, 500 °C is not a temperature that promotes CuO/CuWO₄ heterostructure formation. Analyses conducted using microscopy techniques demonstrated the morphology of the CuO/CuWO₄ heterostructure obtained at 300 °C, where CuWO₄ nanoparticles covered the CuO polyhedral; microstructural analysis verified the heterostructure’s formation. The synthesized materials at 300 °C had an optical band gap of 2.66 eV (direct gap) and 1.35 eV and 2.11 eV (indirect gap), which were lower values than those of the CuO and CuWO₄. The temperature at 300 °C proved to be optimal for the formation of the CuO/CuWO₄ heterostructure. Only the material obtained at 300 °C exhibited a photocatalytic response in the rhodamine B degradation due to a possible interfacial charge transfer between the CuWO₄ and CuO. The synthesis process used to obtain the CuO/CuWO₄ heterostructure was novel, with a short processing time, low energy consumption and cost, and environmentally friendly properties.

几项研究报道，用CuWO ₄改性CuO可以提高其光活性。在这项研究中，铜和钨异质结构材料是使用对钨酸铵通过简单的溶胶-凝胶法合成的。利用X射线衍射，红外光谱，场发射扫描电子显微镜，透射电镜，分析了温度对300和500、700和900°C温度的影响，分析了铜和钨材料的结构，形态，微结构和光学性质。电子显微镜，漫反射光谱和动态光散射研究。CuO衍射图样表现出红铁矿相的形成，铜钨材料衍射图表明在300和500°C时形成CuO / CuWO ₄以及CuO / CuWO ₄/ Cu ₂ WO ₄ / WO ₃材料在700和900°C下具有25至56 nm的微晶尺寸。CuWO ₄相在300°C下获得的强烈振动模式在500°C下下降。因此，500℃不是促进CuO / CuWO ₄异质结构形成的温度。使用显微镜技术进行的分析表明，在300°C下获得的CuO / CuWO ₄异质结构的形态，其中CuWO ₄纳米颗粒覆盖了CuO多面体；微观结构分析证实了异质结构的形成。合成材料在300°C时的光学带隙为2.66 eV（直接间隙），而带隙为1.35 eV和2.11 eV（间接间隙），低于CuO和CuWO _4的值。事实证明，300°C的温度最适合形成CuO / CuWO ₄异质结构。由于在CuWO ₄和CuO之间可能发生界面电荷转移，仅在300°C下获得的材料在罗丹明B降解中显示出光催化响应。用于获得CuO / CuWO ₄的合成工艺 异质结构新颖，加工时间短，能耗和成本低，并且具有环保特性。