Abstract We report on the growth, structure, polarized spectroscopy and first laser operation of a double molybdate compound featuring a layered structure – the monoclinic Nd:CsGd(MoO4)2. Single-crystals of 3 at.% Nd:CsGd(MoO4)2 are grown from the flux using cesium trimolybdate (Cs2Mo3O10) as a solvent. They crystallize in the monoclinic system (sp. gr. P2/c) with lattice constants a = 9.5239(4) A, b = 5.0752(5) A, c = 8.0580(7) A and β = 91.157(9)°. Nd:CsGd(MoO4)2 exhibits a perfect cleavage along the (100) plane. Polarized absorption and luminescence spectra of the Nd3+ dopant ion are measured. The maximum stimulated-emission cross-section is 29.0×10-20 cm2 at 1065.9 nm for light polarization E || b. The luminescence lifetime is 145 μs. The transition probabilities are determined using the modified Judd-Ofelt theory yielding the intensity parameters Ω2 = 26.736, Ω4 = 12.736 and Ω6 = 17.771 [10-20 cm2] and α = 0.122 [10-4 cm]. Continuous-wave laser operation is achieved in cleaved single-crystal plates of Nd:CsGd(MoO4)2 yielding a maximum output power of 0.54 W at 1066 nm with a laser threshold of 70 mW, a slope efficiency η of 60.4% and a linearly polarized laser output (E || b).

中文翻译：

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具有层状结构的单斜 Nd:CsGd(MoO4)2 晶体的生长、光谱和激光操作

摘要 我们报告了具有层状结构的双钼酸盐化合物——单斜晶 Nd:CsGd(MoO4)2 的生长、结构、偏振光谱和首次激光操作。使用三钼酸铯 (Cs2Mo3O10) 作为溶剂，从助熔剂中生长出 3 at.% Nd:CsGd(MoO4)2 的单晶。它们在单斜晶系 (sp. gr. P2/c) 中结晶，晶格常数 a = 9.5239(4) A, b = 5.0752(5) A, c = 8.0580(7) A 和 β = 91.157(9)°。Nd:CsGd(MoO4)2 沿 (100) 面呈现出完美的解理。测量 Nd3+ 掺杂离子的偏振吸收和发光光谱。光偏振 E || 在 1065.9 nm 处的最大受激发射截面为 29.0×10-20 cm2 湾 发光寿命为145 μs。转移概率使用修正的 Judd-Ofelt 理论确定，产生强度参数 Ω2 = 26.736、Ω4 = 12.736 和 Ω6 = 17.771 [10-20 cm2] 和 α = 0.122 [10-4 cm]。在 Nd:CsGd(MoO4)2 劈裂单晶板中实现连续波激光操作，在 1066 nm 处产生 0.54 W 的最大输出功率，激光阈值为 70 mW，斜率效率 η 为 60.4%，线性偏振激光输出（E || b）。