Abstract Landscape ethnoecology is the study of the classification, perception, and interaction of human populations with landscapes. The main goals of this study are to understand how the rural communities of the Brazilian dry forest (Caatinga) recognize and classify different landscape units and to compare the folk classification thus obtained with scientific classification systems of Caatinga landscapes. A combination of semi-structured interviews, participatory mapping, and guided tours conducted with 51 participants in ten municipalities allowed the identification of nineteen landscape units. The comparison between the folk and scientific classifications of this biome reveals a good correspondence in several cases. However, regular and poor correspondences between scientific and folk classifications have been recorded as well. One of the identified differences was the greater number of landscape units recognized by the interviewees, which is likely connected to a high number of landscapes with similar features, but different dominant species, as well as the presence of anthropogenic landscapes in the folk classification. Since most of the Caatinga is constituted of landscapes modified by human activity, landscape ethnoecological studies on this biome may offer a more realistic and dynamic classification, complementing former classifications based exclusively on academic knowledge.

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生物文化环境的多重视角：巴西干旱森林中的景观民族生态学

摘要 景观民族生态学是对人类对景观的分类、感知和相互作用的研究。本研究的主要目标是了解巴西干旱森林 (Caatinga) 的农村社区如何识别和分类不同的景观单元，并将由此获得的民间分类与卡廷加景观的科学分类系统进行比较。通过对 10 个城市的 51 名参与者进行的半结构化访谈、参与式制图和导游的结合，确定了 19 个景观单元。该生物群落的民间分类和科学分类之间的比较揭示了几种情况下的良好对应。然而，科学分类和民间分类之间的正常和较差的对应关系也被记录在案。确定的差异之一是受访者认可的景观单元数量更多，这可能与大量具有相似特征但优势物种不同的景观以及民间分类中人为景观的存在有关。由于卡廷加大部分地区由人类活动修改的景观构成，因此对该生物群落的景观民族生态学研究可能会提供更现实和动态的分类，补充以前完全基于学术知识的分类。