Anode materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs) based on Mo- and V-doped maghemite were prepared by the sol-gel route. High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) showed the formation of isotropic nanoparticles. The X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) revealed the presence of Fe³⁺ and Mo⁶⁺ or V⁴⁺ for Mo- or V-doped samples, respectively. Rietveld refinement of X-ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed the distribution of Mo⁶⁺ and V⁴⁺ cations and showed increase in vacancies. The crystallite size resulted from Rietveld adjustments was in agreement with the HRTEM results. The Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) showed a shrinkage of Fe-O-Fe linkages which is responsible for the reduction of the maghemite cell parameter which agreed with the structural analysis from XRD. The X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) confirmed XPS analysis that Fe³⁺ is present. Coin cells were assembled and galvanostatic cycling was implemented at various charge-discharge current densities, cyclic voltammograms of Li-ions insertion/extraction processes were obtained and the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) was investigated. An exceptional cyclic stability and storage capacity for the V-doped maghemite was observed for low current density. The Mo-doped maghemite has higher capacity retention at high current densities.

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了基于钼和钒掺杂磁赤铁矿的锂离子电池（LIB）阳极材料。高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）显示了各向同性纳米粒子的形成。X射线光电子能谱（XPS）分别显示了掺杂Mo或V的样品中Fe ³⁺和Mo ⁶⁺或V ⁴⁺的存在。X射线衍射（XRD）图案的Rietveld精炼揭示了Mo ⁶⁺和V ⁴⁺的分布阳离子并显示出空位增加。Rietveld调整产生的微晶尺寸与HRTEM结果一致。扩展的X射线吸收精细结构（EXAFS）显示出Fe-O-Fe键的收缩，这导致磁赤铁矿晶胞参数的降低，这与XRD的结构分析相符。XS吸收近边缘结构（XANES）证实XPS分析表明Fe ³⁺存在。组装纽扣电池并在各种充放电电流密度下进行恒电流循环，获得锂离子插入/提取过程的循环伏安图，并研究了电化学阻抗谱（EIS）。对于低电流密度，V掺杂磁赤铁矿具有出色的循环稳定性和存储能力。钼掺杂的磁赤铁矿在高电流密度下具有更高的容量保持率。