Respiratory disease is one of the most important factors impacting pig production worldwide. There is no available information on the prevalence of key pathogens implicated in Irish pig production. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of pleurisy, pneumonia, lung abscesses, pericarditis and liver milk spots in finisher pigs of a cohort of Irish pig farms, and to describe the seroprevalence of: influenza A virus (IAV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSv), Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhyo) and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP). In brief, 56 farrow-to-finish farms (29% of the Irish breeding herd) were enrolled in the study in 2017. Data on lungs, heart, and liver lesions were assessed for each farm at slaughter. An average of 417 (range 129–1154) plucks per farm were assessed for pleurisy, pneumonia, lung abscesses, pericarditis, and liver milk spots. Blood samples from 32 finisher pigs were collected at slaughter for each farm. The observed prevalence of pleurisy and pneumonia was one of the lowest reported in similar studies in Europe (13 and 11% estimated average within farm, respectively). Pleurisy lesions were mostly moderate and severe. Pneumonia lesions affected a low level of lung surface (5.8%). Prevalence of pericarditis was mid-high (8%) and the prevalence of liver milk spots was high, with an average of 29% of the livers affected. For serology, 78.6% of the farms were positive for IAV, 50% were positive for PRRSv, 71.4% were positive for Mhyo, and 98.2% were positive for APP. Influenza virus was the main pathogen associated with pleurisy (P < 0.001) and Mhyo was the main pathogen associated with pneumonia (P < 0.001) and pericarditis (P = 0.024). Farms affected with pleurisy had moderate to severe lesions. Farms affected with pneumonia had mild lesions, which could be the effect of the generalised use of Mhyo vaccination in piglets. The seroprevalence of IAV, PRRSv, Mhyo and APP in the present study sample is similar to or lower than in other European countries. Further research on the PRRSv and APP strains circulating in Ireland is necessary to support the design of national or regional control plans.

中文翻译：

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一组爱尔兰猪场的呼吸系统疾病横断面调查

呼吸系统疾病是影响全球养猪生产的最重要因素之一。没有关于爱尔兰猪生产中涉及的关键病原体流行情况的可用信息。这项研究的目的是描述一组爱尔兰养猪场的肥育猪中的胸膜炎，肺炎，肺脓肿，心包炎和肝乳斑的患病率，并描述以下几种的血清流行率：甲型流感病毒（IAV），猪的生殖和呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSv），猪肺炎支原体（Mhyo）和胸膜肺炎放线杆菌（APP）。简而言之，2017年该研究纳入了56个分娩至成年养殖场（占爱尔兰繁殖群的29％）。在屠宰后，评估了每个农场的肺，心脏和肝损伤数据。每个农场平均有417次（129-1154年）拔毛评估为胸膜炎，肺炎，肺脓肿，心包炎和肝乳斑。从每个农场的屠宰场中收集32头育肥猪的血样。在欧洲类似的研究中，观察到的胸膜炎和肺炎患病率是最低的之一（估计农场中的平均水平分别为13％和11％）。胸膜病变多为中度和重度。肺炎病变影响低水平的肺表面（5.8％）。心包炎的患病率是中高（8％），肝奶斑的患病率很高，平均受影响的肝脏为29％。在血清学方面，有78.6％的农场的IAV阳性，50％的PRRSv阳性，71.4％的Mhyo阳性和98.2％的APP阳性。流感病毒是与胸膜炎相关的主要病原体（P <0.001），而Mhyo是与肺炎相关的主要病原体（P <0。001）和心包炎（P = 0.024）。受胸膜炎影响的农场有中度至重度病变。受肺炎影响的农场有轻度损伤，这可能是仔猪普遍使用Mhyo疫苗的结果。本研究样本中的IAV，PRRSv，Mhyo和APP的血清阳性率与其他欧洲国家相似或更低。为了支持国家或地区控制计划的设计，有必要对在爱尔兰传播的PRRSv和APP菌株进行进一步研究。