Sewage treatment at 4 °C in anaerobic upflow reactors with and without a membrane – performance, function and microbial diversity,Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology

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Sewage treatment at 4 °C in anaerobic upflow reactors with and without a membrane – performance, function and microbial diversity
Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 , DOI: 10.1039/d0ew00753f
Evangelos Petropoulos _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Burhan Shamurad _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Shamas Tabraiz _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Yongjie Yu _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Russell Davenport _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Thomas P. Curtis _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Jan Dolfing _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5}

Affiliation

In this study, we investigated the feasibility of anaerobic sewage treatment at extremely low temperatures (4 °C) using two reactor setups: upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors (UASB) without and with (AnMBR_UASB(UF)) a membrane. Both reactors were inoculated with seeds derived from sediments that were putatively acclimatized to low temperatures. A preliminary batch trial showed that treatment is feasible with the removal of carbon coupled to methane and sulphide production. The reactors operated for 180 days at a hydraulic retention time of 3 days. After 40 days acclimation, both systems met the EU chemical oxygen demand (COD) effluent standard (<125.0 mg L⁻¹). Initially, the removal efficiency and methane production rate of the AnMBR were slightly higher than those of the UASB. However, over time, both the performance (COD removal and methane production) and the intrinsic capability of the biomass (expressed as cell specific activity) became similar. The wastewater-fed biomass produced <7.0 fmol_CH₄ per cell_methanogen per day at cell densities of observation <1.4 × 10⁶ methanogens per mL. Acetate/formate-fed specific methanogenic activities at 4 °C (<18 fmol CH₄ per cell_methanogen per day) confirmed that acetoclastic methanogenesis is important in both setups and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis was only unequivocally observed in the UASB reactors. The microbial diversity of the two systems was similar, and interestingly revealed several putatively hydrogenotrophic methanogens (i.e., Methanospirillum, Methanobrevibacter and unassigned Methanomassilococeae). Methanosaeta; the archetypal acetoclastic methanogen was present but not abundant and largely confined to the biofilm. These observations suggest that at 4 °C methane can be produced not only through direct acetoclastic methanogenesis, but also through acetate oxidation coupled with hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis.

中文翻译：

在有膜和无膜的厌氧上流反应器中于4°C下进行污水处理–性能，功能和微生物多样性

在这项研究中，我们研究了使用两种反应器装置在极低温度（4°C）下进行厌氧污水处理的可行性：不带膜和带（AnMBR _UASB（UF））膜的上流厌氧污泥毯式反应器（UASB）。在两个反应堆中均接种了可能来自适应于低温的沉积物的种子。初步的批量试验表明，通过除去与甲烷和硫化物生产相关的碳，该处理是可行的。反应器在3天的水力停留时间下运行180天。适应40天后，两个系统均符合欧盟化学需氧量（COD）排放标准（<125.0 mg L ^-1）。最初，AnMBR的去除效率和甲烷生成率略高于UASB。但是，随着时间的流逝，生物质的性能（COD去除和甲烷生成）和内在能力（表达为细胞比活）都变得相似。在观察到的细胞密度<1.4×10 ⁶产甲烷菌素/ mL的情况下，由废水喂养的生物质每天每个细胞_产甲烷菌素产生<7.0 fmol _{CH ₄}。醋酸盐/甲酸酯进料的特定产甲烷活性在4°C（每个细胞_{产甲烷菌的}<18 fmol CH ₄每天）证实了破破膜产甲烷作用在两种设置中都很重要，并且仅在UASB反应器中明确观察到了氢营养型产甲烷作用。这两个系统的微生物多样性是相似的，而有趣的是揭示出了若干推定的氢营养产甲烷菌（即，Methanospirillum，甲烷短和未分配Methanomassilococeae）。甲烷菌; 原型乙酰破伤性产甲烷菌存在但不丰富，且主要局限于生物膜。这些观察结果表明，在4°C时，不仅可以通过直接的碎屑甲烷化甲烷生成甲烷，而且还可以通过乙酸盐氧化与氢营养型甲烷生成耦合产生甲烷。

更新日期：2020-11-22

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