Synchronization between female receptiveness and pollen dispersal, and fecundity of clones influence effective population size and genetic diversity of germplasm produced in seed orchards. Our objective was to determine clonal variation in phenological synchronization and in cone production in a Pinus patula seed orchard. Two-year phenology data of female and male strobili from a sample of 31 clones, and of male strobili in trees from neighboring natural stands of the same species were used. Synchronization indices between female receptiveness and pollen release of the same clone (O̅_iP̅_i), of other clones (O̅i P̅_j), and of natural stands (O̅_i P̅_NS) were calculated for each clone and averaged per precocity group (early, intermediate, and late). Genetic parameters for cone production of clones during three consecutive cone harvests were estimated, as was their relationship to precocity and synchronization index O̅_i P̅_NS. Cone production showed a broad variation among clones and between years, with strong genetic control (H²c ≥ 0.80) and stable (rB ≥ 0.79) between yeas. There was wide clonal variation in synchronization indices, but no significant variation was found in most cases among precocity groups, neither were they consistent between years. Negative correlations [rp = -0.37 and -0.40 (P < 0.05)] in cone production per clone in two years with the O̅_i P̅_NS index in the first year, indicated that the most prolific clones had lower synchronization with pollen release in natural stands in the orchard’s vicinity, and thus less risk of genetic contamination.

中文翻译：

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樟子松种子园物候同步和视锥细胞产生的克隆变异

女性接受度与花粉传播之间的同步性以及克隆的繁殖力影响种子园中产生的有效种群数量和种质的遗传多样性。我们的目标是确定在pat松种子园中物候同步和视锥细胞产生方面的克隆变异。使用了来自31个无性系样本的雌性和雄性可塑性的两年物候数据，以及来自相同物种的相邻自然林分的树木中的雄性可塑性。女性的接受和相同克隆的花粉释放之间的同步指标（O_我P̅_我），其他克隆（OI P的_Ĵ），以及天然林（O_我P̅ _NS计算每个克隆的），然后按每个早熟组（早，中和晚）平均。用于在三个连续的锥收成锥体生产克隆的遗传参数估计，因为是它们对早熟和同步标o关系_我P̅ _NS。锥细胞的产量在不同克隆之间以及不同年份之间表现出很大的差异，并且有很强的遗传控制（H ² c≥0.80）和稳定的（rB≥0.79）。同步指数之间存在广泛的克隆差异，但是在早熟人群中，大多数情况下没有发现显着差异，并且在多年之间也没有一致。负相关[ rp = -0.37和-0.40（P<0.05）]中每个克隆锥体生产在两年与O_我P̅ _NS在第一年索引，表明大多数多产的克隆具有与花粉释放在自然看台在果园的附近较低的同步，并且遗传风险因此不太污染。