Political instability and conflicts are contemporary problems across the Middle East. They threaten not only basic security, but also infrastructure performance. Supply infrastructure, providing basic services such as water and electricity, has been subjected to damage, capacity deterioration, and the bankruptcy of public providers. Often, in conflict countries such as Yemen, the continuity of basic supply is only possible thanks to adaptation efforts on the community and household levels. This paper examines the conflict resilience of water and energy supply infrastructure in Yemen during the armed conflict 2015–today. It contributes to resilience studies by linking knowledge on state fragility and conflicts, humanitarian aid, and infrastructure resilience. The paper presents adaptation responses of communities and public entities in the water and energy sectors in Yemen and critically evaluates these responses from the perspective of conflict resilience of infrastructure. The gained insights reaffirm the notion about the remarkable adaptive capacities of communities during conflicts and the importance of incorporating community-level adaptation responses into larger efforts to enhance the conflict resilience of infrastructure systems.

中文翻译：

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水和能源供应基础设施的抗冲突能力：来自也门的见解

政治不稳定和冲突是整个中东地区的当代问题。它们不仅威胁基本安全，还威胁基础设施性能。提供水电等基本服务的供应基础设施遭到破坏、能力下降和公共供应商破产。通常，在也门等冲突国家，基本供应的连续性只有通过社区和家庭层面的适应努力才有可能实现。本文研究了也门在 2015 年武装冲突期间至今的水和能源供应基础设施的冲突恢复能力。它通过将有关国家脆弱性和冲突、人道主义援助和基础设施复原力的知识联系起来，为复原力研究做出贡献。本文介绍了也门水和能源部门社区和公共实体的适应响应，并从基础设施的冲突恢复能力的角度批判性地评估了这些响应。获得的见解重申了社区在冲突期间具有非凡的适应能力的概念，以及将社区层面的适应反应纳入更大的努力以增强基础设施系统的冲突复原力的重要性。