Floating wetland islands (FWI) are considered nature-based solutions with great potential to promote several ecosystem services, such as biodiversity and water quality enhancement through phytoremediation processes. To our knowledge, the present work is the first to scientifically document the in-situ establishment of an FWI in a seawater port marina. The establishment and performance of a cork floating platform with a polyculture (Sarcocornia perennis, Juncus maritimus, Phragmites australis, Halimione portulacoides, Spartina maritima, Limonium vulgare) was evaluated. The diversity of organisms present in the FWI was undertaken based on the macrofauna assessment, taking into consideration marine water characterization, with a focus on hydrocarbons. Microbial communities were assessed based on metabarcoding approach to study 16S rRNA gene from environmental DNA retrieved from biofilm (from the planting media), marine biofouling (from the submerged platform) and surface marina water. S. perennis was the species with the highest survival rate and growth. The structure of the microbial community showed clear differences between those established in the FWI and those in the surrounding water, showing the presence of some bacterial groups that can be relevant for bioremediation processes (e.g., Saprospiraceae family). Concerning the macrofauna analysis, Mytilus sp. was the predominant taxa. To be of relevance, total petroleum hydrocarbons were detected at the marina up to ca. 6 mg/L. This study gives new insights into broadening FWI application to the saline environments of port marinas and to supporting a management strategy to promote several ecosystem services such biodiversity, species habitat, water quality enhancement and added aesthetic value to the marina landscape.

中文翻译：

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港口码头的浮动湿地岛屿实施和生物多样性评估

浮动湿地岛屿 (FWI) 被认为是基于自然的解决方案，具有促进多种生态系统服务的巨大潜力，例如通过植物修复过程提高生物多样性和水质。据我们所知，目前的工作是第一个科学记录在海水港口码头就地建立 FWI 的工作。评估了混养（Sarcocornia perennis、Juncus maritimus、Phragmites australis、Halimione portulacoides、Spartina maritima、Limonium v​​ulgare）的软木漂浮平台的建立和性能。FWI 中存在的生物多样性是基于大型动物群评估进行的，同时考虑了海洋水特征，重点是碳氢化合物。基于元条形码方法对微生物群落进行评估，以研究从生物膜（来自种植介质）、海洋生物污垢（来自水下平台）和地表海水中提取的环境 DNA 中的 16S rRNA 基因。S. perennis 是存活率和生长率最高的物种。微生物群落的结构显示在 FWI 中建立的那些与周围水中的那些之间存在明显差异，表明存在一些可能与生物修复过程相关的细菌群（例如，腐生菌科）。关于大型动物群分析，Mytilus sp。是主要的分类群。相关的是，在码头检测到总石油碳氢化合物高达约。6 毫克/升。