Gastric cancer ranks as the fifth most common human malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer related deaths. Depending on tumor stage, endoscopic or surgical resection supported by perioperative chemotherapy is the only curative option for patients. Due to late clinical manifestation and missing reliable biomarkers, early detection is challenging and overall survival remains poor. Organoids are cell aggregates cultured in three-dimensions that grow with similar characteristics as their tissue-of-origin. Due to their self-renewal and proliferative capacity, organoids can be maintained long term in culture and expanded in many cases in an unlimited fashion. Patient-derived organoid (PDO) libraries function as living biobanks, allowing the in depth analysis of tissue specific function, development and disease. The recent successful establishment of gastric cancer PDOs opens up new perspectives for multiple translational clinical applications. Here, we review different adult stem cell derived gastric organoid model systems and focus on their establishment, phenotypic and genotypic characterizations as well as their use in predicting therapy response.

胃癌是第五大最常见的人类恶性肿瘤，也是癌症相关死亡的第三大原因。根据肿瘤分期，围手术期化疗支持的内镜或手术切除是患者唯一的治愈选择。由于晚期临床表现和缺少可靠的生物标志物，早期检测具有挑战性，总体生存率仍然很低。类器官是在三维中培养的细胞聚集体，其生长特征与其来源组织相似。由于它们的自我更新和增殖能力，类器官可以在培养中长期保持，并在许多情况下以无限方式扩展。患者衍生的类器官 (PDO) 库充当活的生物库，允许对组织的特定功能、发育和疾病进行深入分析。最近胃癌 PDO 的成功建立为多种转化临床应用开辟了新的视角。在这里，我们回顾了不同的成人干细胞衍生的胃类器官模型系统，并重点关注它们的建立、表型和基因型特征以及它们在预测治疗反应中的用途。