Prebiotics ameliorate dysbiosis and influence metabolism and the immune system, but their effects on cardiovascular complications in metabolic disorders remain largely unknown. We here investigated the effects of the soluble fiber inulin on cardiac, adipose tissue, and hepatic pathology as well as on metabolic disorders in DahlS.Z-Lepr^fa/Lepr^fa (DS/obese) rats, an animal model of metabolic syndrome (MetS). DS/obese rats and their homozygous lean (DahlS.Z-Lepr⁺/Lepr⁺, or DS/lean) littermate controls were fed a purified diet containing 5% or 20% inulin from 9 to 13 weeks of age. The high-fiber diet ameliorated hypertension, left ventricular inflammation, fibrosis, and diastolic dysfunction, attenuated adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis as well as alleviated the elevation of interleukin-6 levels, without affecting insulin resistance, in DS/obese rats. In addition, high fiber intake ameliorated lipid accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis, attenuated the reduction in AMPK activity and the up-regulation of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c gene expression, and further increased the expression of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein gene, in the liver of DS/obese rats. It also mitigated increases in total and non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels but increased the triglyceride concentration in serum in these rats. None of these parameters was affected by high dietary fiber in DS/lean rats. The proportion of regulatory T cells in adipose tissue was influenced by dietary fiber but not by genotype. Our results indicate that inulin exacerbates hypertriglyceridemia but alleviates hypertension and cardiac injury as well as adipose tissue and hepatic pathology in MetS rats.

中文翻译：

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益生元纤维菊粉可改善代谢综合征大鼠的心脏、脂肪组织和肝脏病理，但会加剧高甘油三酯血症


益生元可改善生态失调并影响代谢和免疫系统，但其对代谢紊乱中心血管并发症的影响仍然很大程度上未知。我们在此研究了可溶性纤维菊粉对 DahlS.Z-Lepr ^fa /Lepr ^fa (DS/obese) 大鼠（一种代谢综合征 (MetS) 动物模型）心脏、脂肪组织和肝脏病理学以及代谢紊乱的影响。 ）。 DS/肥胖大鼠及其纯合瘦（DahlS.Z-Lepr ⁺ /Lepr ⁺或 DS/lean）同窝对照大鼠在 9 至 13 周龄期间饲喂含有 5% 或 20% 菊粉的纯化饮食。高纤维饮食改善了 DS/肥胖大鼠的高血压、左心室炎症、纤维化和舒张功能障碍，减轻了脂肪组织炎症和纤维化，并减轻了白细胞介素 6 水平的升高，而不影响胰岛素抵抗。此外，高纤维摄入可改善脂质堆积、炎症和纤维化，减弱 AMPK 活性的降低和甾醇调节元件结合蛋白-1c 基因表达的上调，并进一步增加微粒体甘油三酯转移蛋白基因的表达。 DS/肥胖大鼠的肝脏。它还减轻了这些大鼠总胆固醇和非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平的增加，但增加了血清中甘油三酯的浓度。 DS/瘦大鼠中的这些参数均不受高膳食纤维的影响。脂肪组织中调节性T细胞的比例受膳食纤维影响，但不受基因型影响。我们的结果表明，菊粉会加剧 MetS 大鼠的高甘油三酯血症，但会减轻高血压和心脏损伤以及脂肪组织和肝脏病理。