Treatments for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) directed against the prominent amyloid plaque neuropathology have yet to prove effective despite many phase 3 clinical trials. There are several other neurochemical abnormalities that occur in the Alzheimer’s disease brain that warrant renewed emphasis as potential therapeutic targets for this disease. Among those are the elementomic signatures of iron, copper, zinc, and selenium. Here we review these essential elements of Alzheimer’s disease for their broad potential to contribute to Alzheimer’s pathophysiology, and we also highlight more recent attempts to translate these findings into therapeutics. A reinspection of large bodies of discovery in the AD field, such as this, may inspire new thinking about pathogenesis and therapeutic targets.

中文翻译：

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阿尔茨海默病的基本要素

尽管进行了许多 3 期临床试验，但针对突出的淀粉样斑块神经病理学的阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 治疗尚未证明有效。阿尔茨海默病大脑中发生的其他几种神经化学异常值得再次强调作为该疾病的潜在治疗靶点。其中包括铁、铜、锌和硒的元素组学特征。在这里，我们回顾了阿尔茨海默病的这些基本要素，因为它们具有促进阿尔茨海默病病理生理学的广泛潜力，并且我们还强调了最近将这些发现转化为治疗方法的尝试。对 AD 领域的大量发现进行重新检查，例如这样，可能会激发对发病机制和治疗靶点的新思考。