Commercial activated carbon (CAC) was modified by a chemical activation agent, H₃PO₄ with the temperature ranging from 400 to 700 °C (400 °C, 500 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C) for 1 h under N₂ atmosphere. The modified commercial activated carbon (mCAC) samples were characterized for surface area, morphology, structure and functional groups to understand the roles of the modified activated carbon in fermentation. All samples (CAC and mCAC) were employed at a concentration of 8.33 g/L. The possible enhancement of hydrogen production via dark fermentation was investigated using sucrose as the substrate. The best catalytic performance was observed at an activation temperature of 600 °C (mCAC600) with hydrogen production of 2.62 mol H₂/mol sucrose. This was 17 % higher than the control. The mCAC600 was then used as a supporting material for Zn-Ni-HT (Zn-Ni-HT/mCAC600). The Zn-Ni-HT/mCAC600 was obtained by the incipient impregnation method. The maximum hydrogen production yield was found at 2.95 mol H₂/mol sucrose, which is 30 % higher than the control. The Zn-Ni-HT/mCAC600 acted as an alkaline reagent to encounter fatty acid, thereby preventing a pH drop during the fermentation process. Moreover, the supported activated carbon can also adsorb unfavorable VFAs in the system. The release of metal ions from the structure of Zn-Ni-HT/mCAC600 was lower than that of Zn-Ni-HT/CAC, especially for Mg²⁺ and Al³⁺. The released ions also helped to enhance the hydrogen production yield, particularly for Ni²⁺. The Zn-Ni-HT/mCAC600 composite created hybrid functions to promote fermentative hydrogen production.

商用活性炭（HAC）通过化学活化剂H ₃ PO ₄在氮气下于400至700°C（400°C，500°C，600°C和700°C）的温度下改性1小时_2个气氛。修饰的商业活性炭（mCAC）样品的表面积，形态，结构和官能团经过表征，以了解修饰的活性炭在发酵中的作用。所有样品（CAC和mCAC）均以8.33 g / L的浓度使用。使用蔗糖作为底物，研究了通过黑暗发酵提高产氢量的可能。在活化温度为600°C（mCAC600）且产氢量为2.62 mol H _2时，观察到最佳的催化性能/ mol蔗糖。这比对照高17％。然后将mCAC600用作Zn-Ni-HT的支撑材料（Zn-Ni-HT / mCAC600）。通过初期浸渍法得到Zn-Ni-HT / mCAC600。发现最大产氢量为2.95 mol H ₂ / mol蔗糖，比对照高30％。Zn-Ni-HT / mCAC600充当碱性试剂与脂肪酸接触，从而防止了发酵过程中的pH下降。此外，负载的活性炭还可以吸附系统中不利的VFA。Zn-Ni-HT / mCAC600的结构中金属离子的释放低于Zn-Ni-HT / CAC的释放，特别是对于Mg ²⁺和Al ³⁺。释放的离子还有助于提高产氢量，特别是对于Ni ^2+而言。Zn-Ni-HT / mCAC600复合材料具有混合功能，可促进发酵氢的产生。